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Do the European Great Reed Warblers (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) reach South Africa during wintering?

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Abstract

Former studies have shown that the Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) has two genetically distinguishable haplogroups (a “western” and an “eastern” clade). The species occurs in South Africa from January to late March, yet, in the whole database of EURING, there are no recoveries to the south of the Congo. There are at least three hypotheses concerning which birds are seen wintering in South Africa: (1) the European breeders reach South Africa, but there are no ringing recoveries; (2) a mixed population of birds originating from Turkey, Iran and Kazakhstan (Near and Middle East) winters in South Africa; and (3) birds from Europe and the Near and Middle Eastern populations both reach South Africa. We have sequenced a 492-bp part of the mtDNA control region II in 146 samples from five European breeding and one South African wintering population of Great Reed Warblers. The results show that over 60% of the wintering birds in South Africa carry European haplotypes, belonging to both “eastern” and “western” clades. Since the exact haplotypic constitution of the Near and Middle Eastern populations are not known to us, we cannot exclude that a mixed wintering population is formed from birds originating from these regions, but it seems more likely that the European breeders reach South Africa.

Zusammenfassung

Kommen Europäische Drosselrohrsänger ( Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) zum Überwintern bis nach Südafrika?

Frühere Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass Drosselrohrsänger (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) in zwei genetisch unterscheidbaren „Haplogruppen“vorkommen, einer westlichen und einer östlichen Gruppe. Die Art ist von Januar bis März in Südafrika anzutreffen, und tatsächlich zeigt die gesamte Datenbank EURING keinerlei Wiederfunde südlich des Kongo. Es gibt mindestens drei Hypothesen dazu, welche Vögel beim Überwintern in Südafrika zu finden sind: (1) die in Europa Brütenden erreichen Südafrika, es gibt aber keine Wiederfunde von ihnen; (2) eine gemischte Population von Vögeln aus der Türkei, Iran und (Ost- und Mittel-)Kasachstan überwintern in Südafrika; (3) Vögel sowohl aus europäischen Populationen sowie aus solchen im Nahen und Mittleren Osten schaffen es bis nach Südafrika. Wir sequenzierten einen 492 Basenpaare großen Abschnitt in der mitochondrialen DNA, Kontrollregion III, aus 146 Stichproben aus fünf in Europa brütenden und einer in Südafrika überwinternden Population. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass mehr als 60% der in Südafrika überwinternden Vögel den „östlichen“und „westlichen Gruppen“der europäischen Haplotypen angehörten. Da wir die exakte haplotypische Zusammensetzung der Populationen aus dem Nahen und Mittleren Osten nicht kennen, können wir nicht ausschließen, dass die gemischte Überwinterungs-Population aus Vögeln aus diesen Gebieten gebildet wird; es erscheint aber wahrscheinlicher, dass auch in Europa brütende Vögel Südafrika erreichen.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank M. Lenczl, Zs. Szabó, T. Forster, the employees of the Institute of Isotopes Co. Ltd., for the manifold help during the laboratory work. We thank P. Kisfali for the help during sequencing. Many thanks to the sample collectors: Prof. Dr. A. Dyrcz (Poland, University of Wro¢law, Milicz fish ponds), Dr. W. Fiedler and H. Ellrich (Germany, Mettnau), and Dr. N. Chernetsov (Russia, Rybachy). V. Szénási assisted during sample collection in Farmos, L. Bank in Sumony, A. Paprika in Fenékpuszta, Á. Németh in Izsák, T. Deme in Dávod and T. Szép in Rakamaz. J.M.N. was supported financially by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (grant SFRH/BPD/40667/2007). The study was partly financed by the Hungarian Nature Research Society (HuNReS).

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Correspondence to Róbert Mátics.

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Communicated by M. Wink.

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Mátrai, N., Bakonyi, G., Gyurácz, J. et al. Do the European Great Reed Warblers (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) reach South Africa during wintering?. J Ornithol 153, 579–583 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-012-0818-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-012-0818-2

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