Abstract
Object
The aim of this study was to investigate the acceleration of peripheral Time-of-Flight magnetic resonance angiography using Compressed Sensing and parallel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) while preserving image quality and vascular contrast.
Materials and methods
An analytical sampling pattern is proposed that combines aspects of parallel MRI and Compressed Sensing. It is used in combination with a dedicated Split Bregman algorithm. This approach is compared with current state-of-the-art patterns and reconstruction algorithms.
Results
The acquisition time was reduced from 30 to 2.5 min in a study using ten volunteer data sets, while showing improved sharpness, better contrast and higher accuracy compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
Conclusion
This study showed the benefits of the proposed dedicated analytical sampling pattern and Split Bregman algorithm for optimizing the Compressed Sensing reconstruction of highly accelerated peripheral Time-of-Flight data.
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Conflict of interest
The author Jana Hutter declares that she has no conflict of interest. Christoph Forman, Robert Grimm and Peter Schmitt are employees of Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Magnetic Resonance, Application Development.
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The manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data. All volunteers gave their informed consent prior to inclusion in the study.
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Appendix: Formulation of the split problem sub-problems
Appendix: Formulation of the split problem sub-problems
Starting from Eq. (3), the inclusion of the residual errors \({\bf b}_{x},{\bf b}_{y},{\bf b}_{w}\in {\mathbb {C}}^N\) yields the formulation in two steps, given in Eqs. (4–5).
The minimization problem for the \(\hbox {L}_2\) component equals
The sub-problems for the wavelet and total variation terms are formulated as
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Hutter, J., Grimm, R., Forman, C. et al. Highly undersampled peripheral Time-of-Flight magnetic resonance angiography: optimized data acquisition and iterative image reconstruction. Magn Reson Mater Phy 28, 437–446 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-014-0477-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-014-0477-9