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Investigating the reduction of sodium adsorption ratio from agricultural waste by rice husk in batch scale and physical model of drain envelop

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Abstract

Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) is one of the water quality indexes that whose is important due to reuse or depletion to environment. Solutes in drain water can be controlled by adsorption, chemical or biological reaction, organic envelope of drainage. Rice husk is the common option of drainage envelops in paddy fields. In this study, the ability of reduction of SAR by rice husk was evaluated in batch scale and physical model of drain envelops. In the batch experiments, the adsorption of SAR parameters was investigated by adding 2 g of rice husk into a 100 ml of sodium chloride solution. The results indicated that rice husk absorbed calcium, magnesium and sodium, respectively. By increasing the temperature, contact time and pH, adsorption of calcium, magnesium and sodium was increased; however, the higher concentration of sodium in soil solution reduced the percentage of adsorption. In a more realistic state, physical models of subsurface drainage in the paddy fields were made. Drainage envelope treatments included of rice husk (H), combination of 20 and 60 % of husk with gravel (H20G80 and H60G40) and a pipe without envelope (NE). Due to higher drain discharge and more sodium removal (lower SAR in drain water), treatment H with the discharge of 16.2 ml/min and SAR of 1.27 (meq/l)0.5 was better in comparison with other treatments.

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Acknowledgments

This article is extracted from the Master’s Thesis in the field of irrigation and drainage in the University of Guilan. The authors would hereby like to thank the University of Guilan for giving them the research facilities and Sharab Gostar Company for free drains.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 41635-1314, Rasht, Iran

    Maryam Navabian, Ehsan Ghane & Mohammad Hosseinzade

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  1. Maryam Navabian
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  2. Ehsan Ghane
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  3. Mohammad Hosseinzade
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Correspondence to Maryam Navabian.

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Navabian, M., Ghane, E. & Hosseinzade, M. Investigating the reduction of sodium adsorption ratio from agricultural waste by rice husk in batch scale and physical model of drain envelop. Paddy Water Environ 15, 299–306 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-016-0549-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-016-0549-8

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