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Assessment of the camellia seed meal impact on loaches in paddy fields

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Abstract

In Taiwan, Camellia seed meal is often sprayed on rice paddies during rice transplantation season to stop the growth of Pomacea canaliculata. However, the application of camellia seed meal endangers muciferous mollusks and fishes in paddy fields. Though researchers have examined the effects of the saponin in the camellia seed meal on Pomacea canaliculata, previous studies ignore the effects of saponin on fish. Loaches often inhabit the rivers, lakes, ponds, paddy fields, and canals of low elevation where there have muddy layer with plant chips. This study uses vanillin-sulfuric acid method and field tests on loaches in paddy fields to determine the duration of camellia seed meal’s effect on loaches (Misgurnue Angullicaudatus). Results indicated that the best application to stop the growth of Pomacea canaliculata is to seal the rice field immediately after transplantation, apply the camellia seed meal, and then irrigate the field 2 days after camellia seed meal application for the summer transplantation, and 3 days for the spring transplantation. Water should not be drained from the paddy field after the application of camellia seed meal to reduce the chance of endangering loaches in irrigation canals. Field Tests show that high water temperature during summer also has a negative effect on loaches in paddy fields and irrigation canals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan

    Rong-Song Chen, Kuo-Liang Wang & Chia-Ying Wu

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  1. Rong-Song Chen
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  2. Kuo-Liang Wang
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  3. Chia-Ying Wu
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Correspondence to Kuo-Liang Wang.

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Chen, RS., Wang, KL. & Wu, CY. Assessment of the camellia seed meal impact on loaches in paddy fields. Paddy Water Environ 10, 291–300 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-011-0280-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-011-0280-4

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