Abstract
The recent and widespread use of engineered nanomaterials in many industrial sectors is a rising health issue for living organisms and ecosystems, yet there is limited knowledge on nanomaterial toxicity, especially in complex soil systems. Here we review the fate of engineered nanomaterials in soils, their toxicity for soil organisms, and soil factors controlling their toxicity. We discuss nanomaterial toxicity for microorganisms, invertebrates, and terrestrial plants. Toxicological mechanisms include membrane damage, metal ion release, oxidative stress, and metabolic disorders. Toxicity-controlling factors include soil physicochemical properties, soil organic matter, and coexisting contaminations.
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This research was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 51878321 and 21866017).
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ZX and XP put forward the conception for the review article. The literature search and data analysis were performed by XL and YJ. The first draft of the manuscript was written by ZX and XL, and other authors (YJ, DZ, XP) critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Xu, Z., Long, X., Jia, Y. et al. Occurrence, transport, and toxicity of nanomaterials in soil ecosystems: a review. Environ Chem Lett 20, 3943–3969 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-022-01507-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-022-01507-9