Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative to fossil fuels for diesel engines, yet actual biofuel properties need to be tuned to comply with fuel standards. In particular, fuel stability is required for efficiency and commercial use. Fuel stability varies with the nature and proportion of chemical functional groups of biodiesel. Optimum oxidation stability is required because degradation by oxidation gives products that compromise fuel properties and impair fuel quality and engine performance. For instance, oxidation induces the formation of short-chain corrosive acids and deposits. Here, we review techniques to improve the oxidation stability of biodiesel. For instance, stability is improved by additives such as antioxidants. Factors influencing oxidation stability include composition of fatty acids, acid content, peroxide content, iodine content, viscosity, insoluble impurities, external conditions, and storage material. Antioxidants reduce lipid peroxidation at the beginning of the chain reaction and increase the onset temperatures.
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Copyright© 2020 from Mofijur et al. (2020)
Copyright© 2020 from Neumann et al. (2008)
Copyright© 2020 from Wadumesthrige et al. (2009)
Copyright© 2020 from Chen and Luo (2011)
Copyright© 2020 from Marinova et al. (2008)
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Abbreviations
- ASTM:
-
American Society for Testing and Materials
- BHA:
-
Butylated hydroxyanisole
- BHT:
-
Butylated hydroxytoluene
- CFPP:
-
Cold filter plugging point
- DTBHQ:
-
Di-tert-butylhydroquinone
- DTBMP:
-
Di-tert-butyl methoxyphenol
- EGCG:
-
Epigallocatechin gallate
- EGCGO:
-
Epigallocatechin gallate oleate
- EGCO:
-
Epigallocatechin oleate
- FAME:
-
Fatty acid methyl ester
- LTP:
-
Lipid-soluble tea polyphenol
- NDGA:
-
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid
- OBPA:
-
Octylated butylated diphenylamine
- PAME:
-
Palmitic acid methyl ester
- PDSC:
-
Pressurized differential scanning calorimetry
- TBHQ:
-
Tert-butylhydroquinone
- TBP:
-
Tert-butylated phenol derivative
- WTP:
-
Water-soluble tea polyphenol
- α-T-α:
-
Tocopherol
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Hazrat, M.A., Rasul, M.G., Khan, M.M.K. et al. Techniques to improve the stability of biodiesel: a review. Environ Chem Lett 19, 2209–2236 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01166-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01166-8