Abstract
Wastewater can be recycled in agricultural soil as fertilizer to increase crop yields. However, adding wastewater induces sometimes ecotoxicological issues such as pollution by toxic compounds, which may lead to the loss of arable land. Bioenergy crops such as Miscanthus × giganteus have been tested to rehabilitate polluted soils, but the impact of Miscanthus on soil microbes is unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of Miscanthus cropping on bacterial and fungal taxonomic composition in a wastewater-contaminated soil using synchronic and diachronic evaluation strategies. A 3-year field experiment close to Paris was set up on an agricultural site irrigated by raw wastewater for more than one century, thus resulting in strong metal and organic contamination. Soil microbial taxonomic composition was characterized by direct analysis of soil DNA using metagenomic tools such as 454 pyrosequencing of ribosomal genes. Our results demonstrate that Miscanthus cropping stimulates specific populations of bacteria such as Rhizobiales, increased by 1.4 in relative abundance, Nistrospira (x1.5), Azospira (x2), and Gemmatimonas (x2), and fungi: Glomeromycota (x3) and Mortierella (x1.5) for fungi. Noteworthy, these microbial genera are known to be strongly involved in plant symbiosis, organic matter mineralization, and nutrient cycling. Overall our findings show that Miscanthus cropping enhances regeneration of soil microbiological functions and services in polluted soil by stimulating populations beneficial for soil fertility and crop production.
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Acknowledgments
This work was partly supported by an ANR-08-CESA-012 grant for the Resacor project from the French National Research Agency. The authors thank B Brouant (Chambre Interdépartementale d’Agriculture d’Ile de France) for the setup of Miscanthus plots, Mr Leconte (farmer) for the setup of other cropping systems and providing easy access, and J.P. Pétraud (INRA, UMR 1402) for marking and maintenance of the experimental site. This work, through the involvement of technical facilities of the GenoSol platform of the infrastructure ANAEE, France, received a grant from the French state through the National Agency for Research under the program “Investments for the Future” (reference ANR-11-INBS- 0001), as well as a grant from the Regional Council of Burgundy.
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Bourgeois, E., Dequiedt, S., Lelièvre, M. et al. Miscanthus bioenergy crop stimulates nutrient-cycler bacteria and fungi in wastewater-contaminated agricultural soil. Environ Chem Lett 13, 503–511 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-015-0532-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-015-0532-4