Cultural dynamics of German business co-operation with Indonesia and Singapore

Abstract

German-Indonesian and German-Singaporean business co-operations face difficulties on both sides, which are linked to cultural differences. Based on field research carried out in the years 2000–2002, this article shows that the nature of the problems occurring in Indonesia and Singapore is different, but that there is also a disjunction in the perception of which problems matter most. Not only contrasting business environments play a role, but also cultural and educational backgrounds of the co-operation partners. With a culturally sensitive approach (like personal relationships based on trust and soft forms of control), however, potential differences can be prevented.