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Évaluation in vitro de l’activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle de Salvia officinalis

In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of essential oil of Salvia officinalis

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Phytothérapie

Résumé

Ce travail visait à vérifier l’activité thérapeutique antibactérienne d’une plante à usage médicinal : Salvia officinalis L. ou sauge officinale du nord-est algérien. Pour ce faire, les huiles essentielles extraites ont été séparées et identifiées par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à une spectrométrie de masse (CG/SM) et leur activité antibactérienne vis-à-vis des souches responsables de certaines maladies infectieuses a été évaluée, in vitro, sur milieu Mueller-Hinton.

Les résultats obtenus ont montré que l’huile essentielle isolée est formée de dix-neuf (19) composés terpéniques avec une prédominance de l’α-thujone (environ 37%). Les tests de l’activité antibactérienne ont révélé que l’inhibition de la croissance varie en fonction de l’espèce bactérienne et de la concentration du produit naturel testé. De toutes les souches testées, cinq d’entre elles se sont montrées très sensibles face aux différentes concentrations de l’extrait végétal obtenu avec des zones d’inhibition pouvant dépasser 34 mm de diamètre telle que la souche Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (37.08 mm) et Escherichia coli 1554 (34.48 mm). Les zones d’inhibition enregistrées dépassent le plus souvent celles provoquées par l’antibiotique (Rifampicine à 5 µg). Ces résultats sont prometteurs et apportent une validation scientifique quant à l’usage massif de cette espèce.

Abstract

This work was designed to assess the antibacterial therapeutic activity of the medicinal plant: Salvia officinalis L. or officinal sage in the region of the northeastern algerian. To do this, the extracted essential oils were separated and identified by Gas Chromatography coupled with a Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antibacterial activity against some strains responsible for certain infectious diseases was evaluated, in vitro, on Mueller-Hinton medium.

The obtained results showed that the isolated essential oil is constituted of nineteen terpene compounds with a predominance of the α-thujone (about 37%). The tests of the antibacterial activity revealed that the inhibition of the growth varies according to the bacterial species and the concentration of the tested natural product. Among all tested strains, five of them were very sensitive to the different concentrations of the obtained extract with great inhibition zones which can exceed 34 mm of diameter such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Escherichia coli 1554. The recorded inhibition zones often exceed those caused by the antibiotic (Rifampin 5 µg). These results are promising and provide a scientific validation for the massive use of this species.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et Environnement (LBVE), Faculté des Sciences, Département de Biologie, Université BADJI Mokhtar, Annaba, BP 12, 23000, Algérie

    S. Benkherara, O. Bordjiba & A B. Djahra

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  1. S. Benkherara
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  2. O. Bordjiba
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  3. A B. Djahra
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Correspondence to S. Benkherara.

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Benkherara, S., Bordjiba, O. & Djahra, A.B. Évaluation in vitro de l’activité antibactérienne de l’huile essentielle de Salvia officinalis . Phytothérapie 13, 14–18 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-015-0925-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-015-0925-3

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