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Quelques propriétés des huiles essentielles des plantes médicinales du Gabon

Some properties of the medicinal plants essential oils of Gabon

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Phytothérapie

Résumé

Les huiles essentielles sont tirées aussi bien des plantes aromatiques que médicinales. Ces huiles possèdent plusieurs propriétés telles que : les propriétés relaxantes, tonifiantes, énergisantes, régénérantes, assainissantes, désodorisantes, anti-inflammatoires, antioxydantes, etc. Ces propriétés s’expliquent par la composition biochimique de ces huiles. Elles sont très souvent composées d’alcools, cétones, sesquiterpènes, monoterpènes, diones, aldéhydes terpéniques, esters, azulènes, et d’oxydes. Plusieurs études montrent que les huiles essentielles des plantes médicinales africaines, plus particulièrement celles du Gabon, présentent des activités antioxydantes et très souvent antimicrobiennes à l’exemple d’Aucoumea klaineana Pierre (Burseraceae) et de Daniella Klainei Pierre ex A.Chev (Cesalpiniaceae) qui sont deux plantes médicinales que l’on trouve au Gabon. Dans cette mini-revue, nous présentons quelques propriétés des huiles essentielles et leur mode d’obtention.

Abstract

Essential oils are drawn as well as medicinal and aromatic plants. These oils are constituted of several properties such as: relaxing properties, revitalizing, energizing, regenerating, purifying, deodorizing, anti-inflammatory, as antioxidants etc. These properties are explained by the biochemical composition of these oils. They are very often composed of alcohols, ketones, sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, diones, terpenic aldehydes, esters, azulenes, and oxides. Several studies have shown that the essential oils of African medicinal plants particularly in Gabon, present antioxidant activities and very often antimicrobial to the example of Aucoumea klaineana Pierre (Burseraceae) and Daniella Klainei Pierre ex A.Chev (Cesalpiniaceae) which are two medicinal plants founded in Gabon. In this mini review, we present some oils essential properties and their obtaining method.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de pharmacognosie, IPHAMETRA, CENAREST, BP 5011, Libreville, Gabon

    S. Aboughe Angone, R. R. R. Aworet Samseny & C. Eyele Mve Mba

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  1. S. Aboughe Angone
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  2. R. R. R. Aworet Samseny
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  3. C. Eyele Mve Mba
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Correspondence to S. Aboughe Angone.

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Aboughe Angone, S., Aworet Samseny, R.R.R. & Eyele Mve Mba, C. Quelques propriétés des huiles essentielles des plantes médicinales du Gabon. Phytothérapie 13, 283–287 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-014-0905-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-014-0905-z

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