Résumé
Une saponine β-sitoglucoside a été séparée de Anabasis articulata: plante utilisée par la médecine traditionnelle algérienne comme remède pour le traitement du diabète (Chenopodiaceae). Différentes méthodes chromatographiques et spectroscopiques ont permis d’identifier le produit isolé. Les expériences menées sur des souris diabétiques (induction du diabète expérimental par le glucose) ont révélé que l’administration orale de l’extrait butanolique (saponines) 10 mg/kg entraînait une diminution de 20,09% de la glycémie (p < 0,05), après six heures de traitement. Ces résultats ont montré également que l’administration orale de 4 mg/kg de la molécule β-sitoglucoside diminue la glycémie de 24,02% (p < 0,05) après six heures de traitement et correspond à la plus forte diminution chez des souris diabétiques (effet antihyperglycémiant), similaire à l’action antidiabétique de la molécule de référence: la glibenclamide (10 mg/kg). Cette dose a permis de rétablir le taux de glycémie chez les souris diabétiques alors que la concentration de 2 mg/kg n’a pas d’effet sensible. La présente étude confirme l’effet antidiabétique de la molécule séparée.
Abstract
β-sitoglucoside saponin was separated from Anabasis articulata: plant used in traditional medicine for treatment of diabetes (Chenopodiaceae). Different methods and spectroscopic chromatography have allowed to identify the product isolated. Experiments were performed in non-diabetic mice, and in diabetic mice (glucose treated mice) showed that oral administration of the butanolic extract (saponins) 10 mg/kg decreased the glycaemia to 20.09% (P < 0.05), six hours after administration. These results also showed that oral administration of 4 mg/kg of β-Sitoglucoside decrease the glycaemia to 24.2% (P < 0.05) after six hours of treatment and corresponding to the greatest reduction in diabetic mice (anti-hyperglycemic effect) similar to the antidiabetic action of reference molecule: glibenclamide (10 mg/kg). This dose has been able to restore the blood glucose level in diabetic mice, whereas the concentration of 2 mg/kg had no appreciable effect. This study confirms the effect of the antidiabetic compound separated.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Bibliographie
Abdel-Hassan IA, Abdel-Barry JA, Tariq Mohammeda S (2000) The hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effect of Citrullus colocynthis fruit aqueous extract in normal and alloxan diabetic rabbits. J Ethnopharmacol 71: 325–330
Abdel-Zaher AO, Salim SY, Assaf MH, et al. (2005) Antidiabetic activity and toxicity of Zizyphus spina-christi leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 101: 129–138
Bellakhdar J, Claisse R, Fleurentin J, et al. (1991) Repertory of standard herbal drugs in the Moroccan pharmacopoeia. J Ethnopharmacol 35: 123–143
Carter D (2004) Diabetes Mellitus an update for Healthcare Professionals. British Medical Association Board of Science and Education. BMA Publications Unit
Dinesh P (2001) The insulinotropic activity of a Nepalese medicinal plant Biophytum sensiti um: preliminary experimental study. J Ethnopharmacol 78: 89–93
Eddouks M, Maghrani M, Lemhadri A, et al. (2002) Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiac diseases in the southeast region of Morocco (Tafilalet). J Ethnopharmacol 82: 97–103
Jain S, Bhatia G, Barik R, et al. (2010) Antidiabetic activity of Paspalum scrobiculatum Linn. in alloxan induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 127: 325–328
Kambouche N, Merah B, Derdour A, et al. (2009) Étude de l’effet antidiabétique des saponines extraites d’Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq, plante utilisée traditionnellement en Algérie. Phytothérapie 7: 197–201
Li CY, Lu HJ, Lin CH, Wu TS (2006) A rapid and simple determination of protoberberine alkaloids in cortex phellodendri by 1H NMR and its application for quality control of commercial traditional chinese medicine prescriptions. J Pharm Biomed Anal 420: 173–178
Nojima H, Kimura I, Chen FJ, et al. (1998) Antihyperglycemic effects of N-containing sugars from Xanthocercis zambesiaca, Moursbombycis, Aglaonematrenbii, and Castanospermum australe in streptozotocin-diabetic mice. J Nat Prod 61: 397–400
Sandberg F, Michel KH (1962) Phytochemische studien uber die flora Agyptens.6. uber die saponine und prosapogenine von Anabasis articulata. Lloydia 25: 142
Sandberg F, Shalaby AF (1960) Phytochemical studies on the flora of Egypt. IV. The saponins of Anabasis articulata (Forsk). Moq.-Tand. in DC. and Anabasis setifera Moq.-Tand. Sven Farm Tidskr 64: 677–690
Segal R, Goldzweig-Milo I, Zaitschek DV (1969) The sapogenin content of Anabasis articulata. Phytochemistry 8: 521
Wagner H, Bladt S (1996) Plant drug analysis: a Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas (2nd Ed). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 258–261
Ziyyat A, Legssyer H, Mekhfi H, et al. (1997) Phytotherapy of hypertension and diabetes in oriental Morocco. J Ethnopharmacol 58: 45–54
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Kambouche, N., Merah, B., Derdour, A. et al. Activité antihyperglycémiante d’un stérol β-sitoglucoside isolé de la plante Anabasis articulata (Forssk) Moq. Phytothérapie 9, 2–6 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-010-0603-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-010-0603-4