Résumé
Le traitement actuel du diabète est efficace dans la baisse de la glycémie, cependant le contrôle adéquat quotidien de la glycémie est très difficile à atteindre dans la plupart des cas, ce qui conduit à long terme à l’émergence de complications très sérieuses. L’essor récent de la phytothérapie offre une opportunité pour trouver des molécules naturelles susceptibles d’exercer des effets bénéfiques sur la régulation du métabolisme glucidique en évitant les effets secondaires des substances synthétiques. Le Maroc, riche par sa biodiversité et son climat, est une plate-forme géographique très importante qui mérite d’être explorée dans le domaine de la recherche de molécules hypoglycémiantes originaires de plantes qui ont pour longtemps servi à une grande tranche de population comme moyen incontournable de médication. L’objectif de ce travail est de présenter des données actuelles sur l’utilisation des plantes médicinales dans le traitement du diabète au Maroc.
Abstract
The current treatment of diabetes is efficacious as far as the decrease of glycaemia is concerned, however, effective control of glycaemia is difficult to achieve in many cases and leads to the emergence of serious long term complications. Phytotherapy offers a valuable opportunity to discover new natural molecules with beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and without any of the side effects currently observed in modern therapy. Morocco, with its rich biodiversity and climate represents an important geographical field for exploration with regard to hypoglycaemic molecules found in plants that had for a long time represented a source of medication for a large proportion of the population. The objective of this study is to present current data on the use of hypoglycaemic plants for treating diabetes mellitus in Morocco.
Bibliographie
Atta-Ur-Rahman, Zaman K (1989) Medicinal plants with hypoglycemic activity. J Ethnopharmacol 26: 1–55
Bailey CJ, Day C (1989) Traditional plant medicines as treatment for diabetes. Diabetes Care 12: 553–64
Bellakhdar J, Claisse R, Fleurentin J, Younos C (1991) Repertory of standard herbal drugs in the Moroccan pharmacopoeia. J Ethnopharmacol 35: 123–43
Bellakhdar J (1997) La pharmacopée marocaine traditionnelle: Médecine arabe ancienne et savoirs populaires. Éditions Ibis Press, Paris
De Smet PA (2002) Herbal remedies. N Engl J Med 347(25): 2046–57
Eddouks M (2006) Aspects of food medicine and ethnopharmacology in Morocco. In: Eating and healing: traditional food and medicine. Eds Haworth press, New York, pp. 357–82
Eddouks M, Maghrani M, Lemhadri A, et al. (2002) Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiac diseases in the southeast region of Morocco (Tafilalet). J Ethnopharmacol 82(2–3): 97–103
El-Hilaly J, Hmammouchi M, Lyoussi B (2003) Ethnobotanical studies and economic evaluation of medicinal plants in Taounate provine (Northern Morocco). J Ethnopharmacol 86: 149–58
Ernst E (1997) Plants with hypoglycaemic activity in humains. Phytomedicine 4(1): 73–8
Eisenberg DM, Kessler RC, Foster C, et al. (1993) Unconventional medicine in the United States. N Engl J Med 328: 246–52
Fabricant DS, Farnsworth NR (2001) The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery. Environ Health Perspect 109: 69–75
Farnsworth NR, Akerele O, Bingel AS, et al. (1985) Medicinal plants in therapy. Bull World Health Organ 63: 965–81
Grover JK, Yadav S, Vats V (2002) Medicinal plants of India with anti-diabetic potentiel. J Ethnopharmacol 81: 81–100
Heinrich M (2000) Ethnobotany and its role in drug development. Phytother Res 14: 479–88
Hmammouchi M (1999) Les plantes médicinales et aromatiques marocaines. Édition Imprimeries de Fedala, Rabat, Maroc
Ivorra MD, Paya M, Villar A (1989) A review of natural products and plants as potentiel antidiabetic drugs. J Ethnopharmacol 27: 243–75
Jaouhari JT (2002) Contribution à l’étude phytochimique, pharmacologique et clinique d’une plante réputée hypoglycémiante: Zygophyllum gaetulum EMB. et Maire. Thèse de doctorat d’État. Université Cady Ayyad, Faculté des sciences Semlalia, Marrakech
Jouad H, Haloui M, Rhiouani H, et al. (2001) Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes, cardiac and renal diseases in the North centre region of Morocco (Fez-Boulemane). J Ethnopharmacol 77(2–3): 175–82
Kahouaji MS (1995) Contribution à une étude ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales au Maroc oriental. Thèse de diplôme d’études supérieures de 3e cycle. Université Mohamed Ier, Faculté des sciences, Oujda
King H, Aubert R, Herman WH (1998) Global burden of diabetes, 1995–2025. Diabetes Care 21: 1414–31
Merzouki A, Ed-Derfouri F, Morelo-Mesa J (2000) Contribution to the knowledge of Rifian traditional medicine. II: Folk medicine in Ksar Lkbir district (NW Morocco). Fitoterapia 71: 278–307
Merzouki A, Ed-derfouri F, Morelo-Mesa J (2003) Contribution to the knowledge of Rifian traditional medicine. III: Phytotherapy of diabetes in Chefchaouen province (North of Morocco). Ars Pharmaceutica 44(1): 59–67
Marles RJ, Farnsworth NR (1995) Antidiabetic plants and their active constituents. Phytomedicine 2: 13–189
Oubré AY, Carlson TJ, King SR, et al (1997) From plant to patient: an ethnomedical approach to the identification of news drugs for the treatment of NIDDM. Diabetologia 40: 614–7
Rates SMK (2001) Plants as source of drugs. Toxicon 39: 603–13
Sijelmassi A (1993) Les plantes médicinales du Maroc. Édition le Fennec, Casablanca, Maroc
Srivastava AK, Mehdi MZ (2005) Insulino-mimetic and anti-diabetic effects of vanadium compounds. Diabet Med 22(1): 2–13
Tazi AM, Abir-Khalil S, Chaouki N, et al. (2003) Prevalence of the main cardiovascular risk factors in Morocco: results of a National Survey, 2000. J Hypertens 21: 897–903
The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (2002) Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 25(suppl. 1): S5–S15
Wang HX, Ng TB (1999) Natural products with hypoglycemic, hypotensive, hypocholesterolimic, antiatherosclerotic and anti-thrombotic activities. Life Sci 65(25): 2663–77
WHO (2002) Fact Sheet No. 271. Word Health Organisation, Geneva
Yaniv Z, Dafni A, Friedman J, Palevitch D (1987) Plants used for the treatment of diabetes in Israel. J Ethnopharmacol 2: 145–51
Ziyyat A, Legssyer H, Mekhfi A, et al. (1997) Phytotherapy of hypertension and diabetes in Oriental Morocco. J Ethnopharmacol 58: 45–54
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Eddouks, M., Ouahidi, M.L., Farid, O. et al. L’utilisation des plantes médicinales dans le traitement du diabète au Maroc. Phytothérapie 5, 194–203 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-007-0252-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-007-0252-4