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Damage to the microbial cell membrane during pyrolytic sugar utilization and strategies for increasing resistance

Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology volume 44, pages 1279–1292 (2017)Cite this article

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass is an appealing feedstock for the production of biorenewable fuels and chemicals, and thermochemical processing is a promising method for depolymerizing it into sugars. However, trace compounds in this pyrolytic sugar syrup are inhibitory to microbial biocatalysts. This study demonstrates that hydrophobic inhibitors damage the cell membrane of ethanologenic Escherichia coli KO11+lgk. Adaptive evolution was employed to identify design strategies for improving pyrolytic sugar tolerance and utilization. Characterization of the resulting evolved strain indicates that increased resistance to the membrane-damaging effects of the pyrolytic sugars can be attributed to a glutamine to leucine mutation at position 29 of carbon storage regulator CsrA. This single amino acid change is sufficient for decreasing EPS protein production and increasing membrane integrity when exposed to pyrolytic sugars.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the National Science Foundation Energy for Sustainability program (CBET-1133319), the Iowa Energy Center (12-06) and the Iowa State University Bioeconomy Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. We thank Tony Romeo (University of Florida) for his helpful discussion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Tao Jin, Elspeth M. Petersen & Laura R. Jarboe

  2. Bioeconomy Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, USA

    Marjorie R. Rover, Zhanyou Chi, Ryan G. Smith & Robert C. Brown

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, USA

    Robert C. Brown

  4. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, USA

    Zhiyou Wen

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  1. Tao Jin
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Correspondence to Laura R. Jarboe.

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Jin, T., Rover, M.R., Petersen, E.M. et al. Damage to the microbial cell membrane during pyrolytic sugar utilization and strategies for increasing resistance. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 44, 1279–1292 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-017-1958-4

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Keywords

  • Pyrolytic sugars
  • Membrane damage
  • Evolution
  • csrA
  • Extracellular polymeric substances