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Microbial transformations of antimicrobial quinolones and related drugs

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Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology

Abstract

The quinolones are an important group of synthetic antimicrobial drugs used for treating bacterial diseases of humans and animals. Microorganisms transform antimicrobial quinolones (including fluoroquinolones) and the pharmacologically related naphthyridones, pyranoacridones, and cinnolones to a variety of metabolites. The biotransformation processes involve hydroxylation of methyl groups; hydroxylation of aliphatic and aromatic rings; oxidation of alcohols and amines; reduction of carboxyl groups; removal of methyl, carboxyl, fluoro, and cyano groups; addition of formyl, acetyl, nitrosyl, and cyclopentenone groups; and cleavage of aliphatic and aromatic rings. Most of these reactions greatly reduce or eliminate the antimicrobial activity of the quinolones.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. C. E. Cerniglia and Dr. H.-G. Wetzstein for valuable and insightful comments on this manuscript. The views presented in this article do not necessarily reflect those of the Food and Drug Administration.

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  1. First Moscow State Medical University of I. M. Sechenov, Moscow, Russia

    Igor A. Parshikov

  2. Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA

    John B. Sutherland

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Parshikov, I.A., Sutherland, J.B. Microbial transformations of antimicrobial quinolones and related drugs. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 39, 1731–1740 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-012-1194-x

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