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Les tumeurs germinales de stade métastatique

Metastatic Germ Cell Tumours

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Oncologie

Résumé

Les tumeurs du testicule sont les cancers les plus fréquents de l’homme jeune. Depuis les années 1970, les tumeurs germinales métastatiques sont devenues le paradigme des cancers curables par l’utilisation de la chimiothérapie comportant le cisplatine et la chirurgie des masses résiduelles. Le pronostic des patients est défini par la classification internationale IGCCCG qui permet d’adapter la quantité de chimiothérapie nécessaire afin d’aboutir à la guérison. Dans les formes graves, l’adaptation précoce de la chimiothérapie en fonction de la décroissance des marqueurs sériques a fait la preuve de son efficacité. Malgré ces traitements, environ 20 % des patients rechutent et nécessitent un traitement de seconde ligne soit à doses standard, soit sous forme d’une intensification avec autogreffe. Le suivi des patients en rémission complète est important, à la fois pour détecter précocement les rechutes, mais également pour dépister un cancer du testicule controlatéral, pour accompagner un souhait de paternité si nécessaire et favoriser une resocialisation optimale.

Abstract

Testicular tumours are the most common form of cancer in young men. Since the 1970s, metastatic germ cell tumours have become the curable cancer paradigm through the use of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and surgical removal of the residual mass. The prognosis for patients is defined using the International IGCCCG classification, which enables the appropriate amount of chemotherapy therapy to be administered in order to achieve recovery. In the most serious forms, early adaptation of the chemotherapy regimen based on the decreasing levels of serum markers has been shown to be effective. Despite these treatments, approximately 20% of patients relapse and require a second line treatment, either at a standard dose or at an intensified level with a stem cell transplant. Follow-up of patients in complete remission is important, not only for the early detection of any relapses, but also to screen for testicular cancer in the other side, associated with the potential desire to father a child, and favours the best possible social rehabilitation of the patient.

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Correspondence to C. Massard.

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Massard, C., Loriot, Y. & Fizazi, K. Les tumeurs germinales de stade métastatique. Oncologie 16, 161–165 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-014-2383-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-014-2383-1

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