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Alimentation et cancer: quelles évidences, quelles recommandations ?

Diet and cancer: what evidences and recommendations?

  • Synthése / Review Article
  • Published:
Oncologie

Abstract

One third of cancer deaths are attributable to dietary/nutritional factors. A high vegetable and/or fruit intake decreases the risk of upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) lung, esophageal and stomach cancer. Red and processed meats increase the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Alcoholic beverages increase the risk of UADT, lung, esophageal, CRC and breast cancer. Obesity promotes esophageal, CRC, postmenopausal breast cancer, endometrial and pancreatic cancer. Antioxidant supplementation has no preventive effect and may increase cancer risk. It is advised to limit alcoholic drinks as much as possible, to maintain an average body weight, to be physically active, to eat only a little red and processedmeat, to eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day, and to avoid dietary supplements.

Résumé

On estime qu’un tiers de la mortalité par cancer est dû à l’alimentation ou au statut nutritionnel. Légumes et/ou fruits diminuent les risques de cancer des voies aérodigestives supérieures (VADS) du poumon, de l’œsophage et de l’estomac. La viande rouge et la charcuterie augmentent le risque de cancer colorectal (CCR). Les boissons alcoolisées augmentent les risques de cancer des VADS, de l’œsophage, du CCR et du sein. L’obésité augmente les risques de cancer de l’œsophage, du CCR, du sein après la ménopause, de l’endomè tre et du pancréas. La supplémentation en antioxydants ne modifie pas le risque de cancer, voire l’augmente. Il est conseillé de boire le moins possible d’alcool, de maintenir un poids normal, d’avoir une activité physique régulière, de limiter la consommation de viande rouge et de charcuterie, de manger au moins cinq fruits ou légumes par jour et de ne pas prendre de compléments alimentaires.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre Antoine-Lacassagne, fondation Vincent-Paschetta, avenue de Valombrose, F-06189, Nice cedex 02, France

    Y. -A. Vano

  2. Association des jeunes oncologues niçois (AJON), centre Antoine-Lacassagne, université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, F-06189, Nice cedex 02, France

    Y. -A. Vano

  3. Pôle digestif, centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice, université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, F-06202, Nice cedex 03, France

    S. -M. Schneider

  4. Réseau National Alimentation Cancer Recherche (NACRe), Paris, France

    S. -M. Schneider

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  1. Y. -A. Vano
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Vano, Y.A., Schneider, S.M. Alimentation et cancer: quelles évidences, quelles recommandations ?. Oncologie 11, 191–199 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-009-1058-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10269-009-1058-9

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