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Dynamic microstructural changes in alveolar bone in ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis

Odontology volume 108, pages 339–349 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that causes bone resorption. This study used a ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis model to observe the kinetic process of microstructural changes in alveolar bone and introduced star volume analysis as a new methodology to assess microstructural changes. Thirty Wistar rats were used. To induce experimental periodontitis, ligatures were placed around the maxillary first molar. Rats were euthanized on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 after ligature placement. In addition to using hematoxylin and eosin staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)/alkaline phosphatase (ALP) double staining, and micro-computed tomography were performed to analyze bone remodeling. From day 0 to day 7 (initiation phase), the model showed predominant inflammation with increased numbers of TRAP-positive cells, while ALP expression decreased. In contrast, from day 14 to day 28 (resolution phase), inflammatory cells and TRAP-positive cells decreased, whereas ALP expression recovered to levels comparable to that on day 0. Regarding microstructure parameters, in the initiation phase, bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, trabecular thickness, and star volume of the trabeculae decreased significantly, whereas trabecular separation and star volume of the marrow space increased significantly, indicating bone resorption. In the resolution phase, microstructure parameters normalized, indicated bone formation. We confirmed dynamic alveolar bone remodeling in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Furthermore, we assessed the potential for using star volume analysis as a sensitive new tool to clarify microstructural changes to alveolar bone in this model.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr Nobuhito Nango, Chairman of Ratoc System Engineering, for providing helpful comments.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan

    Ya-Hsin Wu, Ryutaro Kuraji, Hiroshi Ito & Yukihiro Numabe

  2. Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Yuji Taya & Yuuichi Soeno

  3. Department of Life Science Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Ryutaro Kuraji

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  1. Ya-Hsin Wu
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  2. Yuji Taya
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Correspondence to Yukihiro Numabe.

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Wu, YH., Taya, Y., Kuraji, R. et al. Dynamic microstructural changes in alveolar bone in ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis. Odontology 108, 339–349 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-019-00471-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-019-00471-1

Keywords

  • Experimental periodontitis
  • Bone microstructure
  • Micro-computed tomography evaluation
  • Bone remodeling
  • Alveolar bone loss