Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships of Peniocereus (Cactaceae) species were studied using parsimony analyses of DNA sequence data. The plastid rpl16 and trnL-F regions were sequenced for 98 taxa including 17 species of Peniocereus, representatives from all genera of tribe Pachycereeae, four genera of tribe Hylocereeae, as well as from three additional outgroup genera of tribes Calymmantheae, Notocacteae, and Trichocereeae. Phylogenetic analyses support neither the monophyly of Peniocereus as currently circumscribed, nor the monophyly of tribe Pachycereeae since species of Peniocereus subgenus Pseudoacanthocereus are embedded within tribe Hylocereeae. Furthermore, these results show that the eight species of Peniocereus subgenus Peniocereus (Peniocereus sensu stricto) form a well-supported clade within subtribe Pachycereinae; P. serpentinus is also a member of this subtribe, but is sister to Bergerocactus. Moreover, Nyctocereus should be resurrected as a monotypic genus. Species of Peniocereus subgenus Pseudoacanthocereus are positioned among species of Acanthocereus within tribe Hylocereeae, indicating that they may be better classified within that genus. A number of morphological and anatomical characters, especially related to the presence or absence of dimorphic branches, are discussed to support these relationships.
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Acknowledgements
This research was completed in part with grant funding from UNAM (PASPA 154/2003) that allowed S. Arias to serve as a Visiting Scientist at The New York Botanical Garden. Further financial support was generously made possible by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (33064-V) and the Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Foundation. We thank the Desert Botanical Garden, Huntington Botanical Garden, New York Botanical Garden, and U. Guzmán and A. Areces-Mallea who provided samples from their living collections for this work, as well as Ivonne Sanchez del Pino and Damon Little for technical support.
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Arias, S., Terrazas, T., Arreola-Nava, H.J. et al. Phylogenetic relationships in Peniocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid DNA sequence data. J Plant Res 118, 317–328 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-005-0225-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-005-0225-3