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Intraseasonal variability of subsurface ocean temperature anomalies in the Indian Ocean during the summer monsoon season

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Abstract

The present study focuses on the variability of subsurface ocean temperature and associated planetary waves (oceanic Kelvin and Rossby waves) in the Indian Ocean during the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) phases in the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) years. To accomplish this, multi-sensor datasets have been considered for the period 1980–2021. During negative IOD (nIOD) years northward propagation of BSISO convection is consistent with the normal years, whereas incoherent patterns are evident in the positive (pIOD) years. Enhanced meridional gradient of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies is evident during the nIOD years, which favours the coherent northward propagation of BSISO. Significant intraseasonal variations of subsurface ocean temperature anomalies are observed in the Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO). Pronounced subsurface (50–150 m) temperature anomalies are evident during the different phases of BSISO during the nIOD years. Symmetric formation of equatorial downwelling Kelvin wave followed by upwelling Kelvin wave packet were observed during the nIOD BSISO phases. This study further suggests that the symmetric patterns of subsurface waves are evident during the nIOD years and led to clear variations of the northward propagation of BSISO.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service for making available sea surface height anomalies data. The authors acknowledge the NCEP Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS) and NOAA for making the availability of Ocean temperature data. The authors also acknowledge the ESSO-INCOIS-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services for providing wind-stress, air-sea fluxes data. The authors would like to acknowledge the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) for providing daily precipitation data. Gopinadh would like to thank SERB-DST Govt. of India for providing financial support under NPDF (PDF/2022/001886), and Climate Variability and Prediction group IITM Pune.

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  1. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sundargarh, Odisha, 769008, India

    Gopinadh Konda, Venkata Sai Gulakaram & Naresh Krishna Vissa

  2. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India

    Gopinadh Konda

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Gopinadh Konda, conceptualization, wrote the manuscript, data analysis and analysed the results. Naresh Krishna Vissa and Venkata Sai Gulakaram reviewed the manuscript, analysis and interpreted the results.

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Konda, G., Gulakaram, V.S. & Vissa, N.K. Intraseasonal variability of subsurface ocean temperature anomalies in the Indian Ocean during the summer monsoon season. Ocean Dynamics 73, 165–179 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-023-01547-x

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