Abstract
Mixing of near-neutral pH mine water and surface water substantially reduced the reactive portion of the natural organic matter (NOM) in the surface water by enhancing the coagulation process, using alum. The hardness and ionic moieties in the mine water improved the effectiveness of the alum in reducing the NOM concentrations. This is important because the presence of NOM can lead to the fouling of membranes and corrosion in the drinking water plant, and deteriorates drinking water quality by contributing undesirable changes in odor, taste, color. In addition, the presence of NOM can lead to carcinogenic by-products as a result of chlorination. The interactive effects of different operational conditions, i.e. pH, mixing proportion, and coagulant dose, were optimized using a statistical tool. The results affirmed that mixing of this mine water with river water would be an appropriate way to maximize the removal of the reactive part of NOM prior to disinfection and provide good quality drinking water.
Zusammenfassung
Die Vermischung von weitgehend neutralem Grubenwasser mit Oberflächenwasser führte zu einer substanziellen Verringerung des reaktiven Anteils der natürlichen organischen Substanz im Oberflächengewässer durch Verstärkung von Koagulationsprozessen bei der Verwendung von Aluminiumsalzen. Die Härte und funktionellen Gruppen im Grubenwasser verbesserten die Effektivität des Koagulationsmittels bei der Verringerung der Konzentrationen natürlicher organischer Substanzen. Dies ist von zentraler Bedeutung, da das Vorhandensein von natürlichen organischen Substanzen zur Verunreinigung von Membranen und Korrosion in Trinkwasseranlagen sowie einer unerwünschten Verschlechterung der Trinkwasserqualität hinsichtlich Geruch, Geschmack und Farbe führen kann. Darüber hinaus können natürliche organische Substanzen bei der Chlorung des Wassers zur Entstehung karzinogener Nebenprodukte führen. Die Wechselwirkungen verschiedener Betriebsbedingungen wie pH, Mischungsverhältnis und Dosierung des Koagulationsmittels wurden unter Verwendung statistischer Hilfsmittel optimiert. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen, dass die Vermischung des Grubenwassers mit Flusswasser ein angemessener Ansatz zur Maximierung der Entfernung des reaktiven Anteils natürlicher organischer Substanzen im Vorfeld der Entkeimung und zur Bereitstellung einer guten Trinkwasserqualität ist.
Resumen
La mezcla de agua de mina de pH casi neutro y agua de superficie redujo sustancialmente la porción reactiva de la materia orgánica natural (NOM) en el agua de superficie al mejorar el proceso de coagulación utilizando alumbre. La dureza y las fuerzas iónicas del agua de la mina mejoraron la eficacia del alumbre en la reducción de las concentraciones de NOM. Esto es importante porque la presencia de NOM puede provocar la incrustación de las membranas y la corrosión en la planta de agua potable y deteriora la calidad del agua potable al contribuir a cambios indeseables en olor, sabor y color. Además, la presencia de NOM puede provocar subproductos cancerígenos como resultado de la cloración. Los efectos interactivos de las diferentes condiciones operacionales -pH, proporción de mezcla, dosis de coagulante- se optimizaron utilizando una herramienta estadística. Los resultados afirmaron que la mezcla de esta agua de mina con agua de río sería una forma apropiada de maximizar la eliminación de la parte reactiva de la NOM antes de la desinfección y proporcionar agua potable de calidad.
地表水与矿井水混合增强絮凝而提高天然有机物去除率
近中性矿井水与地表水的混合之后,以增强絮凝的方式,显著地降低了明矾处理地表水过程中天然有机物(NOM)的活性组分。矿井水的硬度和离子组分提高了明矾去除处理天然有机物(NOM)浓度的效果。去除天然有机物(NOM)的重要性在于天然有机物(NOM)会堵塞滤膜和损害饮用水厂净水系统,产生不良气味、味道和颜色,恶化饮用水水质。另外,天然有机物(NOM)的存在还可使水在氯化消毒后产生致癌物。利用统计工具优化了不同pH值、混合比和絮凝剂量条件的相互作用。结果证明,矿井水与河水混合是一种消毒处理前最大限度去除天然有机物(NOM)活性成分和提供优质饮用水的处理方法。
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board, Dept of Science and Technology, Government of India [SR/S3/CEE/0004/2013] for the grant received for research projects. The authors also thank the Dept of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, for their technical support.
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Sonal, S., Ugale, D. & Mishra, B.K. Combining Surface Water with Mine Water to Improve the Removal of Natural Organic Matter by Enhanced Coagulation. Mine Water Environ 40, 701–712 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-020-00737-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-020-00737-z