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Thermal Infrared Imaging to Identify Surface Mines

Bilder im thermischen Infrarot für die Identifizierung von Tagebauen

热红外成像方法识别露天矿

Imágenes infrarrojas térmicas para identificar minas de superficie

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Abstract

Mines show spectral resemblance with other landscape features; hence, their identification with satellite imagery can be difficult. To address this, land surface temperature (LST) derived from thermal infrared images of satellite remote sensing data was used to differentiate mines. Higher surface temperatures were observed for mined land than other classes (built-up and fallow land) in nighttime data. This indicates that the increased surface temperature of the other classes is due to solar heating while geothermal and pyrite oxidation contribute warmth at mined sites. Nighttime LST can be used to locate mines and their spatial extent despite the low spatial resolution of satellite data. It also confirms a mine’s heat island phenomenon due to geothermal energy.

Zusammenfassung

Tagebaue zeigen spektrale Ähnlichkeiten mit anderen Landschaftselementen. Daher kann die Identifizierung von Tagebauen auf Satellitenbildern schwierig sein. Um dieses Problem zu lösen, wurde die Landoberflächentemperatur benutzt, abgeleitet aus Satellitenbildern im thermischen Infrarot, um Tagebaue von anderen Landschaftselementen zu unterscheiden. Für Tagebaue wurden im Vergleich zu anderen Landschaftselementen (bebaute und Brachflächen) höhere Oberflächentemperaturen in den Nachtstunden beobachtet. Das zeigt, dass der geothermische Wärmefluss und die Pyritoxidation zu erhöhten Oberflächentemperaturen für Tagebaue beitragen während für andere Landschaftselemente die Sonneneinstrahlung am Tag allein entscheidend ist. Nächtliche Landoberflächentemperaturen können daher für die Lokalisierung und die Bestimmung der räumlichen Ausdehnung von Tagebauen verwendet werden, trotz der geringen Auflösung von Satellitenaufnahmen. Außerdem wird eine Wärmeanomalie von Tagebauen aufgrund von geothermischer Energie bestätigt.

抽象

露天矿的光谱特征与其它景观相似,难以通过卫星图像识别。为解决该问题,利用卫星遥感数据的热红外图像获取地表温度(LST)来识别露天矿。在夜晚,已开采矿区比其它类型(建设用地和休耕地)地表温度更高。该现象表明:其它类型地表温度升高是由太阳照射引起,而已开采矿区地表温度升高是由地热和黄铁矿氧化引起。虽然卫星数据的空间分辨率低,但是夜晚地表温度(LST)能够定位已开采矿区及空间扩展。这也证实了已开采矿区热岛现象是由地热引起。

Resumen

Las minas muestran una semejanza espectral con otras características del paisaje por lo que su identificación con imágenes satelitales puede ser dificultosa. Para abordar esto, se utilizó la temperatura de la superficie terrestre (LST) derivada de imágenes infrarrojas térmicas de datos de sensores remotos satelitales para diferenciar las minas. Las tierras afectadas por la minería presentaron temperaturas superficiales más altas que otras zonas (tierras edificadas y en barbecho) en los datos nocturnos. Esto indica que el aumento de la temperatura de la superficie de las otras clases se debe al calentamiento solar mientras que la energía geotérmica y la oxidación de pirita contribuyen al calor en los sitios explotados por la minería. La LST nocturna se puede usar para localizar minas y su extensión espacial a pesar de la baja resolución espacial de los datos satelitales. También confirma el fenómeno de isla de calor de una mina debido a la energía geotérmica.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    P. K. Joshi & Anita Punia

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  1. P. K. Joshi
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  2. Anita Punia
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Correspondence to Anita Punia.

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Joshi, P.K., Punia, A. Thermal Infrared Imaging to Identify Surface Mines. Mine Water Environ 38, 700–704 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-019-00631-3

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