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Geographical distribution and population genetic structure of the gobiid fish Gymnogobius sp. 2, formerly known as Gymnogobius cf. castaneus “Toyama-endemic”

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Abstract

The geographical distribution and population genetic structure of the endangered freshwater goby Gymnogobius sp. 2 sensu Akihito et al. (2013) (formerly known as Gymnogobius cf. castaneus “Toyama-endemic”) were investigated via extensive field surveys in the Hokuriku District, on the Sea of Japan side of central Honshu, Japan. This species was widely distributed over the western Hokuriku region, including the Toyama Plain, Noto Peninsula/Kaga Plain (Ishikawa Prefecture), and Fukui Plain. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA indicated that the Ishikawa and Fukui populations of Gymnogobius sp. 2, which formed a monophyletic group, were clearly divergent from other species of the G. castaneus species complex. In addition, there was a clear genetic divergence between these populations. However, the complete mtDNA replacement has occurred in the Toyama populations of Gymnogobius sp. 2, almost certainly via historical introgressive hybridization with the G. castaneus–taranetzi complex. Thus, this species forms at least three isolated lineages with unique and divergent evolutionary histories.

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Acknowledgements

We thank G. Kondo, M. Nishio, and T. Oka for helping with specimen collection. We are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Obama, Fukui, 917-0003, Japan

    Shunsuke Chiba & Tomoyuki Kokita

  2. 27-1 Horiejuraku, Awara, Fukui, 910-4125, Japan

    Takanori Kawasaki

  3. Ishikawa Zoo, 600 Tokusan-machi, Noumi, Ishikawa, 923-1222, Japan

    Kunihiko Yamamoto

  4. Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka, 5762 Oya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8017, Japan

    Satoru N. Chiba & Kouichi Shibukawa

  5. Faculty of Regional Studies, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Takahiko Mukai

Authors
  1. Shunsuke Chiba
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  2. Takanori Kawasaki
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  3. Kunihiko Yamamoto
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  4. Satoru N. Chiba
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  5. Kouichi Shibukawa
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Correspondence to Tomoyuki Kokita.

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Chiba, S., Kawasaki, T., Yamamoto, K. et al. Geographical distribution and population genetic structure of the gobiid fish Gymnogobius sp. 2, formerly known as Gymnogobius cf. castaneus “Toyama-endemic”. Ichthyol Res 67, 212–220 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-019-00708-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-019-00708-7

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