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Genetic diversity and population structure of white-spotted charr, Salvelinus leucomaenis, in the Lake Biwa water system inferred from AFLP analysis

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Abstract

The genetic variations—and the time dependence of such variations—of natural populations of the white-spotted charr ,Salvelinus leucomaenis, in the Lake Biwa water system as well as those of a hatchery-reared population were inferred from AFLP. Upon the application of principal coordinate analysis using 118 polymorphic AFLP fragments based on the Jaccard similarity index, specimens of each of six natural local populations from the inlet rivers of Lake Biwa grouped roughly together, suggesting that each local population was genetically differentiated. The hatchery-reared population was shown to be closely related to the local population in the Seri River, suggesting that the Seri River population originated from hatchery-reared charr due to extensive stocking. Furthermore, specimens of the Yasu River grouped in a somewhat different position from the other natural populations, agreeing well with its geographic distance from the other populations. The nucleotide diversities of six natural populations (Harihata River, Ishida River, two reaches of the Takatoki River, Ane River, and Yasu River) in 2002 or 2003 were relatively low (π = 0.067–0.146%) compared with that of the Seri River (0.278%) and the hatchery-reared charr (0.316%). The nucleotide diversity in the five local populations (Ishida River, two reaches of the Takatoki River, Ane River, and Yasu River) remained at a low level from 1994 to 2002/2003, but only the nucleotide diversity in the Harihata River actually decreased. From 1994 to 2002/2003, the nucleotide diversity in the Seri River remained at a higher level among the natural populations from 1994 to 2002/2003; it was enhanced by the artificial release of hatchery-reared charr before 1994. In order to conserve the genetic diversity of the white-spotted charr in the Lake Biwa water system, it is necessary to prevent the stocking of hatchery-reared charr in reaches where hatchery-reared charr have not previously been stocked.

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Acknowledgments

Our special thanks go to S. Takahashi and T. Yoshioka (Shiga Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station) and M. Tanaka and T. Nakabo (Kyoto University) for offering the opportunity to perform the study. For the help in collecting and providing the specimens, we deeply thank the following: N. Kouno (Nagano Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station), K. Kaji (Yamanashi Prefectural Research Center of Fisheries), Y. Kobayashi (Gunma Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station), and staff at Shiga Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station Samegei Trout Farm. We also are grateful to M. Ueno (Kyoto University) for help with the statistical analysis.

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  1. Takeshi Kikko

    Present address: Fisheries Management Office, Agriculture and Fisheries Division, Shiga Prefectural Government, 4-1-1 Kyomachi, Otsu, Shiga, 520-8577, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Samegai Trout Farm, Shiga Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, Kaminyu, Maibara, Shiga, 521-0033, Japan

    Takeshi Kikko

  2. Maizuru Fisheries Research Station, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Nagahama, Maizuru, Kyoto, 625-0086, Japan

    Yoshiaki Kai

  3. Lake Biwa Museum, 1091 Oroshimo, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-0001, Japan

    Masayuki Kuwahara

  4. Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Kouji Nakayama

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  1. Takeshi Kikko
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  2. Yoshiaki Kai
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  3. Masayuki Kuwahara
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  4. Kouji Nakayama
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Correspondence to Takeshi Kikko.

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Kikko, T., Kai, Y., Kuwahara, M. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of white-spotted charr, Salvelinus leucomaenis, in the Lake Biwa water system inferred from AFLP analysis. Ichthyol Res 55, 141–147 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-007-0017-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-007-0017-y

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