Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships of the family Congiopodidae are inferred based on morphological characters. The monophyly of this family is supported by 13 unambiguous apomorphic characters, including four autapomorphies among the superfamily Scorpaenoidea. The Congiopodidae shares 26 apomorphic characters with other scorpaenoid taxa, and these characters are considered to also support the monophyly of the family. Upon completion of the phylogenetic analysis using the characters in 39 transformation series, it was assumed that the family is unambiguously supported by five characters (and also by three and one characters when ACCTRAN and DELTRAN are used, respectively) and is branched into two major clades, including Congiopodus and Alertichthys plus Zanclorhynchus, respectively. Based on the phylogenetic relationships, a new classification, recognizing two subfamilies (Congiopodinae and Zanclorhynchinae) in the family Congiopodidae, is proposed. The genus Perryena, that was recently inferred being closely related to the Tetrarogidae (although many authors included it in the Congiopodidae), is provisionally placed into the Congiopodidae as incertae sedis.
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Acknowledgments
We express our sincere thanks to K. Nakaya and M. Yabe (HUMZ) for providing us with important comments. W. J. Richards (NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Center) also kindly provided valuable comments and correction of the English. We also sincerely thank M. E. Anderson (SAIAB) and M. McGrouther (AMS) for providing materials, and also the latter for information on the X-ray films used by Mandrytsa (2001).
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Ishii, N., Imamura, H. Phylogeny of the family Congiopodidae (Perciformes: Scorpaenoidea), with a proposal of new classification. Ichthyol Res 55, 148–161 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-007-0014-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-007-0014-1