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Canada population norms for the EQ-5D-5L

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Abstract

Objective

In Canada, population norms are only available for 2 provinces, Alberta and Quebec. The objective of this study was to derive the population norms for the EQ-5D-5L based on a representative sample of the Canadian general population.

Methods

Data from the Canadian EQ-5D-5L valuation study, a cross-sectional study, were used. A quota sampling method was used to recruit a representative sample of the Canadian general population in terms of age, sex, and education. EQ-5D-5L utilities and EQ VAS were summarized using descriptive statistics and the impact of demographic characteristics on the EQ-5D-5L utilities was evaluated using statistical hypothesis testing and Tobit regression.

Results

1207 eligible participants were included in the analysis. Pain/discomfort (53.1%) was the most frequently reported domain with any problem, and self-care (7.6%) domain was the least. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) EQ-5D-5L utility was 0.864 (0.121) and the mean (SD) EQ VAS was 82.3 (14.23). The highest mean EQ-5D-5L utility was 0.881 in age group 25–34 while the lowest was 0.839 in age group 55–64. Participants who had full-time employment, were married, a higher annual household income and no chronic health conditions had significantly higher EQ-5D-5L utilities.

Conclusion

This article reports the first Canadian population norms for the EQ-5D-5L and can be used as population references for economic evaluations and clinical research.

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Funding

The original Canadian EQ-5D-5L valuation study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. No funding was received for the development of the Canadian norms.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Jiajun Yan, Shitong Xie & Feng Xie

  2. School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China

    Shitong Xie

  3. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

    Jeffrey A. Johnson & Arto Ohinmaa

  4. The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Eleanor Pullenayegum

  5. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

    Eleanor Pullenayegum

  6. School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Stirling Bryan

Authors
  1. Jiajun Yan
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  7. Feng Xie
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Correspondence to Feng Xie.

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This study was a secondary data analysis, and no data were collected for this analysis. Ethical approval was not required.

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Yan, J., Xie, S., Johnson, J.A. et al. Canada population norms for the EQ-5D-5L. Eur J Health Econ 25, 147–155 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-023-01570-1

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