Abstract
Mizoribine has been recognized to have an acceptable toxicity profile compared with other immunosuppressants. In this study, however, we report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis that suddenly occurred in a rheumatoid arthritis patient 2 weeks after introduction of mizoribine therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature to show mizoribine-induced diabetic ketoacidosis. Through prompt diagnosis and treatment, the patient recovered from these extremely rare but potentially lethal complications.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yokota S. Mizoribine: mode of action and effects in clinical use. Pediatr Int. 2002;44:196–8.
Turka LA, Dayton J, Sinclair G, Thompson CB, Mitchell BS. Guanine ribonucleotide depletion inhibits T-cell activation. mechanism of action of the immunosuppressive drug mizoribine. J Clin Invest. 1991;87:940–8.
Kamada H, Itoh H, Shibata H, Koshio T, Hayashi A, Nakagami K. Inhibitory mechanism of mizoribine on the antibody production of mouse B-cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1997;74:323–30.
Kuroda T, Hirose S, Tanabe N, Sato H, Nakatsue T, Ajiro J, et al. Mizoribine therapy for patients with lupus nephritis: the association between peak mizoribine concentration and clinical efficacy. Mod Rheumatol. 2007;17:206–12.
Yoshioka K, Ohashi Y, Sakai T, Ito H, Yoshikawa N, Nakamura H, et al. A multicenter trial of mizoribine compared with placebo in children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int.. 2000;58:317–24.
Nakayamada S, Saito K, Umehara H, Ogawa N, Sumida T, Ito S, et al. Efficacy and safety of mizoribine for the treatment of Sjogren’s syndrome: a multicenter open-label clinical trial. Mod Rheumatol. 2007;17:464–9.
Takei S. Mizoribine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Int. 2002;44:205–9.
Combe B, Landewe R, Lukas C, Bolosiu HD, Breedveld F, Dougados M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of early arthritis: report of a task force of the European standing committee for international clinical studies including therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66:34–45.
Saida K, Zhigang Z, Ozawa K, Konishi T, Saida T. Long-term open-trial of mizoribine with prednisolone in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis: safety, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome. Intern Med. 1999;38:636–42.
Yumura W, Suganuma S, Uchida K, Moriyama T, Otsubo S, Takei T, et al. Effects of long-term treatment with mizoribine in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis. Clin Nephrol. 2005;64:28–34.
Tanaka E, Inoue E, Kawaguchi Y, Tomatsu T, Yamanaka H, Hara M, et al. Acceptability and usefulness of mizoribine in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in methotrexate-refractory patients and elderly patients, based on analysis of data from a large-scale observational cohort study. Mod Rheumatol. 2006;16:214–9.
Fernandez LA, Lehmann R, Luzi L, Battezzati A, Angelico MC, Ricordi C, et al. The effects of maintenance doses of FK506 versus cyclosporin A on glucose and lipid metabolism after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transplantation. 1999;68:1532–41.
Yoshida EM, Buczkowski AK, Sirrs SM, Elliott TG, Scudamore CH, Levin A, et al. Post-transplant diabetic ketoacidosis–a possible consequence of immunosuppression with calcineurin inhibiting agents: a case series. Transpl Int. 2000;13:69–72.
Okubo S, Nakatani K. Two cases of rheumatoid arthritis complicated with saccharometabolic abnormality caused by mizoribine (in Japanese). Clinical Rheumatol Related Res. 2000;12:40–4.
Imagawa A, Hanafusa T, Miyagawa J, Matsuzawa Y. A novel subtype of type 1 diabetes mellitus characterized by a rapid onset and an absence of diabetes-related antibodies. Osaka IDDM study group. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:301–7.
Metz SA, Rabaglia ME, Pintar TJ. Selective inhibitors of GTP synthesis impede exocytotic insulin release from intact rat islets. J Biol Chem. 1992;267:12517–27.
Li G, Segu VB, Rabaglia ME, Luo RH, Kowluru A, Metz SA. Prolonged depletion of guanosine triphosphate induces death of insulin-secreting cells by apoptosis. Endocrinology. 1998;139:3752–62.
Takahashi S, Wakui H, Gustafsson JA, Zilliacus J, Itoh H. Functional interaction of the immunosuppressant mizoribine with the 14-3-3 protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000;274:87–92.
Trivedi CD, Pitchumoni CS. Drug-induced pancreatitis: an update. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005;39:709–16.
Yutsudo Y, Hasegawa Y, Takada T, Yamada H, Aoyama N, Morita S, et al. A case of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with drug-induced acute pancreatitis due to mizoribine (in Japanese). Ryumachi. 1997;37:564–7.
Felig DM, Topazian M. Corticosteroid-induced pancreatitis. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124:1016–3.
Dhir R, Brown DK, Olden KW. Drug-induced pancreatitis: a practical review. Drugs Today (Barc). 2007;43:499–507.
Badalov N, Baradarian R, Iswara K, Li J, Steinberg W, Tenner S. Drug-induced acute pancreatitis: an evidence-based review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.. 2007;5:648–61. quiz 4.
Yamamoto M, Takahashi H, Naishiro Y, Isshiki H, Ohara M, Suzuki C, et al. Mikulicz’s disease and systemic IgG4-related plasmacytic syndrome (SIPS) (in Japanese). Nihon Rinsho Meneki Gakkai Kaishi. 2008;31:1–8.
Hayakawa T, Naruse S, Kitagawa M, Kondo T. Clinical aspects of autoimmune pancreatitis in Sjogren’s syndrome. Jop. 2001;2:88–92.
Nair S, Yadav D, Pitchumoni CS. Association of diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis: observations in 100 consecutive episodes of DKA. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95:2795–800.
Pitchumoni CS, Agarwal N, Jain NK. Systemic complications of acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1988;83:597–606.
Kahn D, Bourgeois JA. Acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis in a schizophrenic patient taking olanzapine. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2007;27:397–400.
Conflict of interest statement
This research work has received no financial support that may pose any conflicts of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
About this article
Cite this article
Mori, S., Ebihara, K. A sudden onset of diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis after introduction of mizoribine therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 18, 634–638 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10165-008-0106-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10165-008-0106-4