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Characterization of Cu2+ adsorption for eco-hydroxyapatite derived from limestone sludge via hydrothermal synthesis

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Abstract

This study developed a novel approach to the hydrothermal synthesis of eco-hydroxyapatite (eco-HPA) from recycled limestone sludge for the removal of Cu2+ from aqueous solutions. The resulting eco-HPA was characterized using X-ray fluorescence, thermal field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray powder diffraction analysis, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements. Under a hydrothermal temperature of 120 °C and Ca/P molar ratio of 1, this study obtained the nitrogen adsorption isotherm and desorption curves indicative of hydroxyapatite. Based on the IUPAC classification system, these are the type-IV adsorption isotherm curves of a mesoporous structure with an H3-type hysteresis loop. The same sample achieved an adsorption capacity of 210 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics closely fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9990–1.000). Adsorption isotherms presented the strongest correlation with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.97–0.99), exceeding that of the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.91–0.98). Taken together, these results demonstrate that the proposed eco-HAP is a viable low-cost environmentally friendly adsorbent with broad applicability for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan for supporting this research financially (Contract No. MOST-110-2221-E-197-021-MY3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    Ya-Wen Lin & Wei-Hao Lee

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, National Ilan University, Yilan City, 260, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    Sheng-Yuan Peng, Yan-Yu Lin & Kae-Long Lin

  3. Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    Ming-Jui Hung

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Contributions

Y-WL: Writing—Review & Editing, Supervision. Sheng-Yuan Peng: Writing—original draft. Methodology. Conceptualization. W-HL: Supervision, Validation. Y-YL: Writing—original draft. Conceptualization. Formal analysis. M-JH: Validation. Investigation. K-LL: Resources, writing-commenting and editing. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kae-Long Lin.

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Lin, YW., Peng, SY., Lee, WH. et al. Characterization of Cu2+ adsorption for eco-hydroxyapatite derived from limestone sludge via hydrothermal synthesis. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 25, 1069–1081 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-023-01593-z

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