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Sustainable approach for the treatment of poultry manure and starchy wastewater by integrating dark fermentation and microalgal cultivation

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Abstract

Dwindling fossil fuels, and the rise in energy demand have urged us to explore alternative renewable energy forms. An integrated process of dark fermentation and microalgal cultivation to deliver biofuels are gaining momentum in recent times. In this study, in the first stage, the starchy wastewater (SWW) with poultry manure (PM) was treated to produce a maximum hydrogen yield of 4.11 mol H2/Kg COD reduced to 5.03 mol H2/Kg COD reduced. The reutilization of soluble spent wash for the cultivation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii yielded a biomass concentration of 1.45–1.02 g/L. The potentiality of algae to produce biodiesel was checked effectively, and it was reported that a biodiesel of 90.34 g/Kg Algal Biomass to 119.61 g/Kg Algal was yielded. The integration of the process enhanced the overall energy with an efficient removal of organic content. In conclusion, the valorisation of PM with SWW through dark fermentation and microalgal cultivation will open avenues to generate sustainable bioenergy forms.

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Abbreviations

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

PM:

Poultry manure

SWW:

Starchy wastewater

TDS:

Total dissolved solids

TS:

Total solids

TKN:

Total kjeldahl nitrogen

TSS:

Total suspended solids

TVS:

Total volatile solids

VSS:

Volatile suspended solids

VDS:

Volatile dissolved solids

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Department of Biotechnology, India and Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, India for necessary financial support and also to Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur for the facilities provided to conduct this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    Rokesh Radhakrishnan, Sanjukta Banerjee & Debabrata Das

  2. Advance Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    Srijoni Banerjee

  3. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    Vaishali Singh

Authors
  1. Rokesh Radhakrishnan
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  2. Sanjukta Banerjee
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  3. Srijoni Banerjee
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  4. Vaishali Singh
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  5. Debabrata Das
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Correspondence to Debabrata Das.

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Statement of novelty: Increase in environmental pollution at an alarming rate along with significant aggravation of global energy demand is a major concern for ecological sustenance. Contextually, production of renewable biofuel by concomitant waste remediation is a sustainable approach to satiate this energy requirement. Several authors have reported that wastewater treatment by microalgal cultivation coupled with biofuel production is an efficient method for addressing the dual problem of waste management and fuel crisis. In the present study, integrated process of dark fermentation for biohydrogen production followed by phycoremediation is the primary focus. In the first stage biohydrogen was produced by dark fermentation using starchy wastewater and poultry manure as a co-substrate. And in the second stage, bioremediation of the organic content in the spent wash was achieved by cultivating Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in it; followed by the subsequent utilization of the microalgal biomass for biodiesel production. The novelty of the present study lies on the two-stage process of dark fermentation followed by algal production for the dual purpose of organic waste treatment and biofuel production, thereby enhancing the overall sustainability of the process.

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Radhakrishnan, R., Banerjee, S., Banerjee, S. et al. Sustainable approach for the treatment of poultry manure and starchy wastewater by integrating dark fermentation and microalgal cultivation. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 23, 790–803 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-021-01173-z

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