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Short-term leaching study of heavy metals from LD slag of important steel industries in Eastern India

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Abstract

Considering Linz-Donawitz (LD) slag as a waste material for its bulk utilisation, there is a possibility that heavy metals will leach to environment. It necessitates the study on physical, chemical, mineralogical and heavy metals leaching characteristic of LD slag. Short-term leaching procedures like batch leach test (BLT), toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), strong acid digestion test (SADT) and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) shake test were carried out for assessing heavy metals leaching potentiality. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V and Zn were leached from LD slag from three major steel industries i.e. Roulkela, Bokaro and Tata Steel Plants of India and were analysed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Most of the heavy metals like Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn showed relatively lesser leachability. Toxic heavy metals like As, Cd, Se and V were not leached by BLT, TCLP as well as ASTM shake test and were below detection limit. Rourkela LD slag heavy metals leaching were relatively higher than Bokaro and Tata Steel Plant LD slag and were below permissible limit. The present study reflects about non-hazardous nature of LD slag.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the concerned authorities of Rourkela, Bokaro and Tata steel plant for providing LD slag samples to carry out this research work and wish to acknowledge to Prof. A. K. Singh, Head of the Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Dr. C.R. Panda, Chief Scientist and Head of the Environment and Sustainability Department, (CSIR)—Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (IMMT), Bhubaneswar and Prof. D.C. Panigrahi, Director, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India for their support and encouragement in the successful accomplishment of research study. The author (S. Chand) would like to express her gratitude to Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) for awarding Indian School of Mines (ISM) Junior Research Fellowship (JRF).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Centre of Mining Environment, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India

    Sasmita Chand & Biswajit Paul

  2. Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (IMMT), Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India

    Manish Kumar

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  1. Sasmita Chand
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  2. Biswajit Paul
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  3. Manish Kumar
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Correspondence to Biswajit Paul.

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Chand, S., Paul, B. & Kumar, M. Short-term leaching study of heavy metals from LD slag of important steel industries in Eastern India. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 19, 851–862 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-016-0486-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-016-0486-z

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