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Design and first experimental results of a bubbling fluidized bed for air gasification of plastic waste

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Abstract

Plastic wastes have an especially high potential for use as alternative fuels, considering their high heating value and their large and stable availability. They could be used in electricity production based on gasification technologies, wherein electricity is produced in engines by means of the conversion of plastic wastes into a valuable gas. However, there are still some technical barriers to overcome before this technology can access the commercial stage, and further scientific research is needed to gain deeper understanding of the process and to be able to control and optimize it. This research presents the design and first experimental results of a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier conceived for the gasification of actual plastic residues. The experimental tests revealed that the selection and design of the reactor were adequate and proved some of the advantages of using plastic as a fuel, related in part to the absence of ashes and char. A valuable syngas over 5 MJ/m3 was generated, which contained a considerable fraction of methane as well as hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main combustible gases. The highest efficiency was achieved when the equivalence ratio was increased to 0.35, reaching 61 % in terms of cold gas efficiency and 66 % carbon conversion.

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Abbreviations

BFB:

Bubbling fluidized bed

Cfuel :

Molar flow of carbon entering the system with the fuel (mol/s)

Cgas :

Molar flow of carbon exiting the system with the gas (mol/s)

CCE:

Carbon conversion efficiency (%)

CGE:

Cold gas efficiency (%)

ER:

Equivalence ratio (–)

Gas:

Gas yield (m3/kg fuel), given standard temperature and pressure (STP)

HHVfuel :

Higher heating value of the input fuel (kJ/kg)

HHVgas :

Higher heating value of the output gas (kJ/m3), given STP

LDPE:

Low density polyethylene

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Acknowledgments

The work presented in this paper has been partially supported by the research project PROQUIPOL (PID-560620-2009-4) funded by the Spanish Government. We especially thank Beatriz Ferreira for her collaboration during the experimental tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIRCE, Centre of Research for Energy Resources and Consumption, University of Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor 15, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain

    Susana Martínez-Lera, José Torrico, Javier Pallarés & Antonia Gil

Authors
  1. Susana Martínez-Lera
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  2. José Torrico
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  3. Javier Pallarés
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  4. Antonia Gil
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Correspondence to Susana Martínez-Lera.

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Martínez-Lera, S., Torrico, J., Pallarés, J. et al. Design and first experimental results of a bubbling fluidized bed for air gasification of plastic waste. J Mater Cycles Waste Manag 15, 370–380 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-013-0129-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-013-0129-6

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