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Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Short-Term Adaptation Is Halved After Compensation for Unilateral Labyrinthectomy

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Abstract

Several prior studies, including those from this laboratory, have suggested that vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) adaptation and compensation are two neurologically related mechanisms. We therefore hypothesised that adaptation would be affected by compensation, depending on the amount of overlap between these two mechanisms. To better understand this overlap, we examined the effect of gain-increase (gain = eye velocity/head velocity) adaptation training on the VOR in compensated mice since both adaptation and compensation mechanisms are presumably driving the gain to increase. We tested 11 cba129 controls and 6 α9-knockout mice, which have a compromised efferent vestibular system (EVS) known to affect both adaptation and compensation mechanisms. Baseline VOR gains across frequencies (0.2 to 10 Hz) and velocities (20 to 100°/s) were measured on day 28 after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) and post-adaptation gains were measured after gain-increase training on day 31 post-UL. Our findings showed that after chronic compensation gain-increase adaptation, as a percentage of baseline, in both strains of mice (~14%), was about half compared to their previously reported healthy, non-operated counterparts (~32%). Surprisingly, there was no difference in gain-increase adaptation between control and α9-knockout mice. These data support the notion that adaptation and compensation are separate but overlapping processes. They also suggest that half of the original adaptation capacity remained in chronically compensated mice, regardless of EVS compromise associated with α9-knockout mice, and strongly suggest VOR adaptation training is a viable treatment strategy for vestibular rehabilitation therapy and, importantly, augments the compensatory process.

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Acknowledgements

A. A. Migliaccio and this work were supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Biomedical Career Development Award CDA-568736 and NHMRC Project Grant APP1010896. P. P. Hübner was supported by a University of New South Wales (UNSW) International Research Scholarship and a Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA) supplementary scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Balance and Vision Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Cnr Barker Street & Easy Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia

    Serajul I. Khan, Patrick P. Hübner & Americo A. Migliaccio

  2. University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2033, Australia

    Serajul I. Khan, Patrick P. Hübner & Americo A. Migliaccio

  3. School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia

    Alan M. Brichta & Americo A. Migliaccio

  4. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA

    Americo A. Migliaccio

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  1. Serajul I. Khan
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  4. Americo A. Migliaccio
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Khan, S.I., Hübner, P.P., Brichta, A.M. et al. Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Short-Term Adaptation Is Halved After Compensation for Unilateral Labyrinthectomy. JARO 23, 457–466 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10162-022-00844-4

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