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Voice Discrimination by Adults with Cochlear Implants: the Benefits of Early Implantation for Vocal-Tract Length Perception

  • Yael Zaltz
  • Raymond L. Goldsworthy
  • Liat Kishon-Rabin
  • Laurie S. Eisenberg
Research Article
First Online:
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Accepted:

Abstract

Cochlear implant (CI) users find it extremely difficult to discriminate between talkers, which may partially explain why they struggle to understand speech in a multi-talker environment. Recent studies, based on findings with postlingually deafened CI users, suggest that these difficulties may stem from their limited use of vocal-tract length (VTL) cues due to the degraded spectral resolution transmitted by the CI device. The aim of the present study was to assess the ability of adult CI users who had no prior acoustic experience, i.e., prelingually deafened adults, to discriminate between resynthesized “talkers” based on either fundamental frequency (F0) cues, VTL cues, or both. Performance was compared to individuals with normal hearing (NH), listening either to degraded stimuli, using a noise-excited channel vocoder, or non-degraded stimuli. Results show that (a) age of implantation was associated with VTL but not F0 cues in discriminating between talkers, with improved discrimination for those subjects who were implanted at earlier age; (b) there was a positive relationship for the CI users between VTL discrimination and speech recognition score in quiet and in noise, but not with frequency discrimination or cognitive abilities; (c) early-implanted CI users showed similar voice discrimination ability as the NH adults who listened to vocoded stimuli. These data support the notion that voice discrimination is limited by the speech processing of the CI device. However, they also suggest that early implantation may facilitate sensory-driven tonotopicity and/or improve higher-order auditory functions, enabling better perception of VTL spectral cues for voice discrimination.

Keywords

cochlear implant voice discrimination talker discrimination VTL vocal-tract length early implantation 
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Notes

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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© Association for Research in Otolaryngology 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael
  2. 2.USC Tina and Rick Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA

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