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Differential expression of four soybean bZIP genes during Phakopsora pachyrhizi infection

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Abstract

Asian soybean rust (ASR), caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is one of most important diseases in the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) agribusiness. The identification and characterization of genes related to plant defense responses to fungal infection are essential to develop ASR-resistant plants. In this work, we describe four soybean genes, GmbZIP62, GmbZIP105, GmbZIPE1, and GmbZIPE2, which encode transcription factors containing a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain from two divergent classes, and that are responsive to P. pachyrhizi infection. Molecular phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that these genes encode proteins similar to bZIP factors responsive to pathogens. Yeast transactivation assays showed that only GmbZIP62 has strong transactivation activity in yeast. In addition, three of the bZIP transcription factors analyzed were also differentially expressed by plant defense hormones, and all were differentially expressed by fungal attack, indicating that these proteins might participate in response to ASR infection. The results suggested that these bZIP proteins are part of the plant defense response to P. pachyrhizi infection, by regulating the gene expression related to ASR infection responses. These bZIP genes are potential targets to obtain new soybean genotypes resistant to ASR.

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Abbreviations

GmbZIP:

Glycine max basic/leucine zipper protein

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), and the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author contribution statement

MSA and LGF conceived and designed research. MSA, ZGS, PMPV, AMPP, and LNA conducted the experiments. MSA, PMPV, EGB, RVA, FCMG, and LGF analyzed the data. MSA wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil

    Murilo S. Alves, Zamira G. Soares & Luciano G. Fietto

  2. Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas, NuBioMol, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil

    Pedro M. P. Vidigal

  3. Universidade Católica de Brasília, 70790-160, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil

    Everaldo G. Barros

  4. Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Paraná, 86001-970, Brazil

    Adriana M. P. Poddanosqui, Luciano N. Aoyagi, Ricardo V. Abdelnoor & Francismar C. Marcelino-Guimarães

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  1. Murilo S. Alves
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  2. Zamira G. Soares
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  3. Pedro M. P. Vidigal
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  6. Luciano N. Aoyagi
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  7. Ricardo V. Abdelnoor
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  8. Francismar C. Marcelino-Guimarães
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  9. Luciano G. Fietto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luciano G. Fietto.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Online Resource 1

Supplementary material describing the phylogenetic analysis of soybean bZIP proteins. (DOCX 882 kb)

Online Resource 2

Spreadsheet describing PFAM data (pfam.sanger.ac.uk/) from 148 bZIP protein sequences in Glycine max, selected from the GenBank database (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) (XLSX 28 kb)

Online Resource 3

Statistical analysis of the REST2009 output (XLSX 46 kb)

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Alves, M.S., Soares, Z.G., Vidigal, P.M.P. et al. Differential expression of four soybean bZIP genes during Phakopsora pachyrhizi infection. Funct Integr Genomics 15, 685–696 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-015-0445-0

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