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Genetic Structure and Diversity in Wild and Cultivated Populations of the Mangrove Oyster Crassostrea gasar from Southern Brazil

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Abstract

The mangrove oyster (Crassostrea gasar) is Brazil’s second most cultured species and presents a high potential for aquaculture. However, artificial selection in a highly fecund species and significant variance in reproductive success can result in the loss of genetic diversity and increases the inbreeding rate, especially in cultivated populations. In this study, we investigated the genetic structure and diversity of C. gasar in wild and cultivated populations using 14 microsatellites. Spatial genetic comparisons revealed the existence of two main genetic groups of C. gasar, one comprising the population in cultivation and the other formed by wild populations along the southern and southeastern Brazilian coasts. Although no common genetic structure exists among wild populations, it is possible to observe a distribution gradient based on discriminant analysis of principal components consistent with their geographic distribution. However, it is insufficient to differentiate them genetically. Despite artificial reproduction, the genetic diversity values of the cultivated population remained relatively high and did not show a reduction. Therefore, monitoring the cultivated population and establishing reference values for genetic diversity will allow the adoption of strategies both for the viability of the cultivated population and the management of wild populations.

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Availability of Data and Materials

The data that support the findings of this study (genotypes) are available from the B.M.S.S. upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil (CAPES)-Finance Code 001 to the Federal University of Santa Catarina and by the Concelho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). The authors also thank the CNPq for the Research Productivity scholarship awarded to C.M.R. de Melo and the FAPESC for the scholarship to B.M.S. Scaranto.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Marine Mollusks, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil

    Bianca Maria Soares Scaranto, Graziela Cleuza Vieira, João Paulo Ramos Ferreira, Carlos Henrique Araujo de Miranda Gomes & Claudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo

  2. Laboratório de Biologia e Cultivo de Peixes de Água Doce, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil

    Josiane Ribolli

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  1. Bianca Maria Soares Scaranto
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  2. Josiane Ribolli
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  3. Graziela Cleuza Vieira
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  4. João Paulo Ramos Ferreira
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  5. Carlos Henrique Araujo de Miranda Gomes
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  6. Claudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo
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Contributions

Bianca Maria Soares Scaranto: idealization and planning the research, collecting data, and writing the manuscript. Josiane Ribolli: planning the research, analysis, and writing. Graziela Cleuza Vieira: implementation of experiments and collecting the data. João Paulo Ramos Ferreira: implementation of experiments and collecting the data. Carlos Henrique Araujo de Miranda Gomes: implementation of experiments and collecting the data. Claudio Manoel Rodrigues de Melo: funding acquisition, supervising the research activities, idealizing and planning the research, and revising the manuscript. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bianca Maria Soares Scaranto.

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According to Brazilian law, authorization for the use of invertebrates, including oysters, is not required in the conduct of scientific experiments.

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Scaranto, B.M.S., Ribolli, J., Vieira, G.C. et al. Genetic Structure and Diversity in Wild and Cultivated Populations of the Mangrove Oyster Crassostrea gasar from Southern Brazil. Mar Biotechnol 25, 548–556 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-023-10224-5

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