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Evaluation of the In Vivo Biological Effects of Marine Collagen and Hydroxyapatite Composite in a Tibial Bone Defect Model in Rats

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Abstract

One of the most promising strategies to improve the biological performance of bone grafts is the combination of different biomaterials. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of marine spongin (SPG) into Hydroxyapatite (HA) for bone tissue engineering proposals. The hypothesis of the current study is that SPG into HA would improve the biocompatibility of material and would have a positive stimulus into bone formation. Thus, HA and HA/SPG materials were produced and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to characterize the samples. Also, in order to evaluate the in vivo tissue response, samples were implanted into a tibial bone defect in rats. Histopathological, immunohistochemistry, and biomechanical analyses were performed after 2 and 6 weeks of implantation to investigate the effects of the material on bone repair. The histological analysis demonstrated that composite presented an accelerated material degradation and enhanced newly bone formation. Additionally, histomorphometry analysis showed higher values of %BV/TV and N.Ob/T.Ar for HA/SPG. Runx-2 immunolabeling was higher for the composite group and no difference was found for VEGF. Moreover, the biomechanical analysis demonstrated similar values for all groups. These results indicated the potential of SPG to be used as an additive to HA to improve the biological performance for bone regeneration applications. However, further long-term studies should be carried out to provide additional information regarding the material degradation and bone regeneration.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia-DF, Brazil. Prof. Dr. Márcio Reis Custódio from Department of General Physiology of the Institute of Biosciences (IB-USP) for the assistance with this experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís, km 235, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Julia Risso Parisi, Kelly Rossetti Fernandes & Ana Laura Martins de Andrade

  2. Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil

    Matheus de Almeida Cruz, Ingrid Regina Avanzi, Alan de França Santana, Giovanna Caroline Aparecida do Vale, Cíntia Pereira de Góes, Renata Neves Granito & Ana Claudia Muniz Rennó

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Carlos Alberto Fortulan

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Eliandra de Sousa Trichês

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  1. Julia Risso Parisi
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Correspondence to Julia Risso Parisi.

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Parisi, J.R., Fernandes, K.R., de Almeida Cruz, M. et al. Evaluation of the In Vivo Biological Effects of Marine Collagen and Hydroxyapatite Composite in a Tibial Bone Defect Model in Rats. Mar Biotechnol 22, 357–366 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-020-09955-6

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