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Crassostrea angulata Bindin Gene and the Divergence of Fucose-Binding Lectin Repeats Among Three Species of Crassostrea

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Abstract

Bindin is a major protein for species-specific recognition between sperm and congenetic egg in many free-spawning marine invertebrates. We cloned a novel bindin gene from the oyster Crassostrea angulata by 3′ and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length bindin cDNA was 1,049 bp with a 771-bp open reading frame encoding 257 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence contained a putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids. The length of the bindin genomic DNA was 8,508 bp containing four exons and three introns. Three haplotypes of F-lectin repeat were detected from seven sequences of F-lectin repeat of six male oysters. Both neighbor-joining and minimum-evolution phylogenetic trees show that haplotype an1 was close to Crassostrea gigas while an2 and an3 were close to Crassostrea sikamea. Intron-4 in the middle of F-lectin repeat is highly variable in both size and sequence. We classified intron-4 into three types according to their size and the F-lectin repeat they were located in. Intron-4 may play an important role in recombination. We compared the number of nonsynonymous substitutions (Dn) and synonymous substitutions (Ds) per nucleotide site among 19 F-lectin haplotypes of the three species. Dn/Ds ratios suggested that positive selection occurred between C. gigas and C. sikamea and between C. gigas and C. angulata. Nine positive selected positions (p > 90%) are identified among 19 haplotypes of three species. They are located on the F-lectin binding face around the three recognition motif residues. We assume that these nine clustered amino acids are related with species-specific recognition.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB126401), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40730845), National Hi-Technology Program of China (2006AA10A408 and 20060110A4013), Public Welfare Agriculture Project (nyhyzx07-047), and the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Rd., Qingdao, 266071, China

    Qi Wu, Li Li & Guofan Zhang

  2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Qi Wu

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  1. Qi Wu
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  2. Li Li
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  3. Guofan Zhang
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Correspondence to Guofan Zhang.

Electronic supplementary material

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S1

Nucleotide composition and abbreviations of C. angulata bindin gene. (DOC 33 kb)

S2

Phylogenetic relationships among 19 haplotypes based on ME analysis, the numbers represent the percentage of 1,000 bootstrap replications (>50%). (DOC 23 kb)

S3

Phylogenetic relationships among 19 haplotypes based on NJ analysis of the application of Hasegawa et al (1985) for multiple substitutions. The number indicates the ω value (Dn/Ds) of each clade which is been used to detect the selective pressure during differentiation progress. (DOC 34 kb)

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Wu, Q., Li, L. & Zhang, G. Crassostrea angulata Bindin Gene and the Divergence of Fucose-Binding Lectin Repeats Among Three Species of Crassostrea. Mar Biotechnol 13, 327–335 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-010-9304-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-010-9304-0

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