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Monitoring Microbial Community Composition by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization During Cultivation of the Marine Cold-Water Sponge Geodia barretti

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Abstract

To determine the stability and specificity of microbes associated with the marine cold-water sponge Geodia barretti during cultivation, we compared the microbial community of freshly retrieved specimens to that of cultivated explants by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). G. barretti hosts a specific homogeneous microbial community in its mesohyl, which is maintained during a cultivation period of 8 months. In 10-day-old explants, bright colonies of unusually large bacterial cells, located predominantly at canal walls, were observed in addition to the common bacteria. Bacteria of the aberrant type included both lineages present in whole sponges and foreign ones, notably numerous genera of sulfate-reducing bacteria. We assume that these represent infectious bacteria that eluded the innate immune system of the sponge. Explants that resist these microbial attacks during the critical phase of cultivation eliminate infectious bacteria. The intrinsic microbial community of G. barretti is not affected by these infections and remains persistent over a cultivation period of at least several months.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the crew of the Marine Biological Station of Bergen University and R/V Hans Brattström for cooperation during sampling and cultivation of sponges. Access to these installations has been supported by the IHP (Improving Human Research Potential) Programme from the European Union through Contract No. HPRI-CT-1999-00056. Wolfgang Dröse is kindly acknowledged for preparation of tissue sections and assistance with FISH. This article represents publication no. 50 of the research program BOSMAN (03F0358 C). Financial support was provided by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstr. 1, D-28359, Bremen, Germany

    Friederike Hoffmann

  2. University of Bergen, Department of Biology, Bergen High Technology Centre, N-5020, Bergen, Norway

    Hans Tore Rapp

  3. University of Göttingen, Department of Geosciences, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Friederike Hoffmann & Joachim Reitner

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  1. Friederike Hoffmann
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Correspondence to Friederike Hoffmann.

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Hoffmann, F., Rapp, H.T. & Reitner, J. Monitoring Microbial Community Composition by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization During Cultivation of the Marine Cold-Water Sponge Geodia barretti . Mar Biotechnol 8, 373–379 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-006-5152-3

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