Abstract
Introduction
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of sulfur.
Objectives
To explore SOB diversity, distribution, and physicochemical drivers in five volcanic lakes and two springs in the Wudalianchi volcanic field, China.
Methods
This study analyzed microbial communities in samples via high-throughput sequencing of the soxB gene. Physical-chemical parameters were measured, and QIIME 2 (v2019.4), R, Vsearch, MEGA7, and Mothur processed the data. Alpha diversity indices and UPGMA clustering assessed community differences, while heat maps visualized intra-sample variations. Canoco 5.0 analyzed community-environment correlations, and NMDS, Adonis, and PcoA explored sample dissimilarities and environmental factor correlations. SPSS v.18.0 tested for statistical significance.
Results
The diversity of SOB in surface water was higher than in springs (more than 7.27 times). We detected SOB affiliated to β-proteobacteria (72.3 %), α-proteobacteria (22.8 %), and γ-proteobacteria (4.2 %) distributed widely in these lakes and springs. Rhodoferax and Cupriavidus were most frequent in all water samples, while Rhodoferax and Bradyrhizobium are dominant in surface waters but rare in springs. SOB genera in both habitats were positively correlated. Co-occurrence analysis identified Bradyrhizobium, Blastochloris, Methylibium, and Metyhlobacterium as potential keystone taxa. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed positive correlations between SOB diversity and total carbon (TC), Fe2+, and total nitrogen (TN) in all water samples.
Conclusion
The diversity and community structure of SOB in volcanic lakes and springs in the Wudalianchi volcanic group were clarified. Moreover, the diversity and abundance of SOB decreased with the variation of water openness, from open lakes to semi-enclosed lakes and enclosed lakes.
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Data availability
The sequence data supporting our study findings have been deposited in the China National Microbiology Data Center (NMDC) with accession numbers NMDC40054990 to NMDC40054996 (soxB). Additionally, the paired-end forward and reverse sequences, labeled as SUB1713833866551, have been submitted for inclusion in the NMDC repository ( https://nmdc.cn/submit/metagenome/overview/SUB1713833866551).
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This work was supported by the Heilongjiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program Guidance Projects (GZ20220051), Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LH2020C079), Talent Training Program under Special Funds Supporting the Development of Local Universities from the Central Finance (HFBE[2019]465), Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Support Program for San Heng San Zong (ZRCQC202008).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Lei Yang, Tao Liu, Hong Pan, Shuang Zhang, Xindi Sun, Weidong Wang1and Lei Yan. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Lirong Geng and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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This is an observational study. The Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Research Ethics Committee has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.
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Geng, L., Yang, L., Liu, T. et al. Higher diversity of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria based on soxB gene sequencing in surface water than in spring in Wudalianchi volcanic group, NE China. Int Microbiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-024-00526-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-024-00526-6