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Contrasting direct and indirect effects of warming and drought on isoprenoid emissions from Mediterranean oaks

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Abstract

The degree to which climate warming and increasing drought will alter isoprenoid emissions of Mediterranean forests remains unclear, because most studies were carried out on single factors with isolated plants thus neglecting possible factor interactions and indirect effects at plant and community level. We studied foliar isoprenoid emissions, phenology, growth and survival rates on Quercus pubescens (QP) and Quercus ilex (QI) saplings growing in competition with herbaceous species under three temperature treatments (ambient, +1.5, +3 °C) combined with two precipitation treatments (normal, −30 % precipitation). Elevated temperature treatments significantly enhanced isoprenoid emissions of both species (~70 %). Most of this enhancement could be attributed to increases in the foliar emission capacities. Reduced precipitation tended to decrease isoprenoid emissions (~20 %), but this effect was variable depending on plant species, measurement period and interaction with temperature treatments. In QP, measured early summer, most of the emission variability was associated with that of photosynthesis while in QI, measured mid-summer, emissions and photosynthesis were rather uncoupled probably due to changes in resource allocation and persistent impairment of the primary metabolism caused by stress. Elevated temperature reduced sapling survival rates of both species (~20 %) but increased longevity of QP leaves (~18 %). Leaf biomasses at plant and community level were not affected by treatments but were strongly reduced by the presence of herbaceous competitors. The results underline the complexity of potential plant responses to climate change to be considered for predicting the future evolution of isoprenoid emission in the Mediterranean region.

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Acknowledgments

This study was partly funded by the program GICC (Gestion et Impacts du Changement Climatique) of the French Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development. We thank B. Buatois, C. Collin, D. Degueldre and L. Sonié for their technical assistance.

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  1. CEFE UMR 5175 (CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valérie Montpellier, EPHE), 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier Cedex 05, France

    Michael Staudt, Xavier Morin & Isabelle Chuine

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  1. Michael Staudt
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  2. Xavier Morin
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  3. Isabelle Chuine
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Correspondence to Michael Staudt.

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Staudt, M., Morin, X. & Chuine, I. Contrasting direct and indirect effects of warming and drought on isoprenoid emissions from Mediterranean oaks. Reg Environ Change 17, 2121–2133 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-1056-6

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