Abstract
Regional organisations play a central role in coordinating regional climate change adaptation responses across small island developing states, 58 countries that are particularly vulnerable to climate change and its impacts. The effectiveness of these organisations in coordinating adaptation efforts is underexplored in the academic literature, and this paper helps to fill the gap. By developing the Framework for Assessing Regional Organisations Coordinating Climate Change Adaptation, it qualitatively assesses the adaptation-related inputs, projects/programmes and outputs of the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community and the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme. This assessment is enriched by data gathered through interviews with national and regional climate change and development officials in the Caribbean and Pacific. It finds that regional organisations are more effective with respect to their adaptation-related inputs and outputs, but are less effective in coordinating adaptation projects/programmes. It recommends that, in addition to differentiating organisational mandates, regional organisations should focus on resolving the major climate-related information deficit issues, helping countries to develop ready to finance investment projects, building national-level capacities to adapt and supporting the creation of an enabling environment for climate change adaptation.
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Notes
Despite recently changing its public name to the ‘Pacific Community’ to reflect its formal, legal name, the acronym ‘SPC’ has been retained by the organisation.
Abbreviations
- AIMS:
-
Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean and South China Sea
- AR5:
-
Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- CARICOM:
-
Caribbean Community (and Common Market)
- CCA:
-
Climate change adaptation
- CCCCC:
-
Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre
- FAROCCCA:
-
Framework for Assessing Regional Organisations Coordinating Climate Change Adaptation
- GCCA:PSIS:
-
Global Climate Change Alliance: Pacific Small Island States
- GEF:
-
Global Environment Facility
- IMF:
-
International Monetary Fund
- IPCC:
-
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- NE:
-
No evidence
- NGO:
-
Non-governmental organisation
- PACC:
-
Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change Programme
- PICTs:
-
Pacific island countries and territories
- P-SIDS:
-
Pacific Small Island Developing States
- SIDS:
-
Small island developing states
- SMART:
-
Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time-bound
- SOPAC:
-
Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission
- SPACC:
-
Special Programme for Adaptation to Climate Change: Implementation of Adaptation Measures in Coastal Zones
- SPC:
-
Secretariat of the Pacific Community (now called the Pacific Community)
- SPREP:
-
Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme
- UN:
-
United Nations
- UNFCCC:
-
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- UN-OHRLLS:
-
United Nations Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States
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Acknowledgments
The authors contributed equally to this paper. They acknowledge: the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Fenner School of Environment and Society at The Australian National University for financial support to undertake fieldwork; the Caribbean and Pacific interviewees; A/Prof Jamie Pittock, Dr Tony Weir, Dr Ian Fry, Prof Karen Edyvane, Prof Ian White and the anonymous reviewers for constructive feedback on earlier drafts; Liz Dovey for her insights as well as Daniel Ferris and Tiffany Taylor for editing and proof reading. The authors are responsible for all errors.
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Robinson, SA., Gilfillan, D. Regional organisations and climate change adaptation in small island developing states. Reg Environ Change 17, 989–1004 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-0991-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-0991-6