Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Coastal wetland loss and environmental change due to rapid urban expansion in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Regional Environmental Change Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To address the growing need for developable land, many coastal cities are draining and filling wetlands, transforming them into urban built-up areas, and thereby substantially altering the structure and function of coastal ecosystems. We demonstrate an integrative approach for investigating the dynamics and impacts of coastal development in China’s Jiangsu Province, where urban expansion has resulted in extensive wetland losses and sea reclamation (the process of creating new land from ocean or coastal waters). Remotely sensed data reveal that landscape change in the study area has been accompanied by an increase in total impervious surface area and an increase in mean surface “heat island effect.” These indicators of change can be detected with remote sensing data and used to support a strategic environmental assessment (SEA) for urban coastal planning. Changes detected in Lianyungang during 2000–2006 suggest that reclaimed areas are environmentally sensitive and should be a focus of concern in future development planning, which has historically targeted coastal salt pond wetlands for conversion to land for the development. Given the current and projected rate of coastal development in China and elsewhere in the developing world, our findings and assessment approach have implications for coastal management decisions in the developing coastal zones of China and other regions of the world that are experiencing rapid urban growth.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Byrne GF, Crapper PF, Mayo KK (1980) Monitoring land-cover change by principal component analysis of multitemporal landsat data. Remote Sens Environ 10(3):175–184. doi:10.1016/0034-4257(80)90021-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chander G, Markham BL, Helder DL (2009) Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM + , and EO-1 ALI sensors. Remote Sens Environ 113(5):893–903. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2009.01.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang CI, Plaza A (2006) A fast iterative algorithm for implementation of pixel purity index. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett 3(1):63–67. doi:10.1109/LGRS.2005.856701

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conway TM (2007) Impervious surface as an indicator of pH and specific conductance in the urbanizing coastal zone of New Jersey, USA. J Environ Manage 85(2):308–316. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.09.023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cyranoski D (2009) Putting China’s wetlands on the map. Nature 458(7235):134. doi:10.1038/458134a

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalkman H (2007) Strategic environmental assessment—a promising instrument for sustainable urban development in China!? In Holcim Forum 2007: Green urbanism—between ecology and economy, Shanghai China, 155–160

  • Deng JS, Wang K, Deng YH, Qi GJ (2008) PCA-based land-use change detection and analysis using multitemporal and multisensor satellite data. Int J Remote Sens 29(16):4823–4838

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fung T, Ledrew E (1987) Application of principal components-analysis to change detection. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 53(12):1649–1658

    Google Scholar 

  • Government of Lianyungang (2005) Strategic plan for eastern coastal development in Lianyungang (in Chinese). http://web.lyg.gov.cn/ghzs/news/view.asp?id=445

  • Green AA, Berman M, Switzer P, Craig MD (1988) A transformation for ordering multispectral data in terms of image quality with implications for noise removal. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 26(1):65–74. doi:10.1109/36.3001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grimm NB, Faeth SH, Golubiewski NE, Redman CL, Wu JG, Bai XM, Briggs JM (2008) Global change and the ecology of cities. Science 319(5864):756–760. doi:10.1126/science.1150195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo W, Li SH, Mao L, Yin Y, Zhu DK (2007) A model for environmental impact assessment of land reclamation. China Ocean Eng 21(2):343–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Han QY, Huang XP, Shi P, Zhang QM (2006) Coastal wetland in South China: degradation trends, causes and protection countermeasures. Chin Sci Bull 51:121–128. doi:10.1007/s11434-006-9121-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones C, Baker M, Carter J, Jay S, Short M, Wood C (2005) Strategic environmental assessment and land use planning: an international evaluation. Earthscan, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Yeh AGO (1998) Principal component analysis of stacked multi-temporal images for the monitoring of rapid urban expansion in the Pearl River Delta. Int J Remote Sens 19(8):1501–1518. doi:10.1080/014311698215315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li YF, Zhu XD, Wang XH (2009) New perspective of study on environmental impacts of reclaimed land in bay wetland. Marine Environ Sci 28(5):573–577 (in Chinese with English Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li YF, Zhu XD, Sun X, Wang F (2010) Landscape effects of environmental impact on bay-area wetlands under rapid urban expansion and development policy: a case study of Lianyungang, China. Landsc Urb Plan 94(3–4):218–227. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.10.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin T, Xue XZ, Lu CY (2007) Analysis of coastal wetland changes using the “DPSIR” model: A case study in Xiamen, China. Coast Manage 35(2–3):289–303. doi:10.1080/08920750601169592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu JG, Diamond J (2005) China’s environment in a globalizing world. Nature 435(7046):1179–1186. doi:10.1038/4351179a

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Chen JN, He WQ, Tong QY, Li WF (2010) Application of an uncertainty analysis approach to strategic environmental assessment for urban planning. Environ Sci Technol 44(8):3136–3141. doi:10.1021/es902850q

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu D, Mausel P, Brondizio E, Moran E (2004) Change detection techniques. Int J Remote Sens 25(12):2365–2407. doi:10.1080/0143116031000139863

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lu YJ, Zuo LQ, Ji RY, Xu X, Huang JW (2008) Effect of development of Caofeidian harbor area in Bohai Bay on hydrodynamic sediment environment. China Ocean Eng 22(1):97–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma Y, Kuang YQ, Huang NS (2010) Coupling urbanization analyses for studying urban thermal environment and its interplay with biophysical parameters based on TM/ETM plus imagery. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf 12(2):110–118. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2009.12.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitsch WJ, Wang NM (2000) Large-scale coastal wetland restoration on the Laurentian Great Lakes: determining the potential for water quality improvement. Ecol Eng 15(3–4):267–282. doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(00)00081-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montenegro LO, Diola AG, Remedio EM (2005) The Environmental Costs of Coastal Reclamation in Metro Cebu. Singapore, Philippines, Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia (EEPSEA)

    Google Scholar 

  • Montgomery MR (2008) The urban transformation of the developing world. Science 319(5864):761–764. doi:10.1126/science.1153012

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mulvihill R, Li YF (2010) Rapid urbanization in Eastern China: roles for SEA. IAIA 30th annual conference: the role of impact assessment in Transitioning to the Green Economy, 6–11 Apr 2010, Geneva, Switzerland. (online) http://www.iaia.org/iaia10/documents/reviewed_papers/Rapid%20Urbanization%20in%20Eastern%20China%20-%20Roles%20for%20SEA.pdf

  • Peng BB, Lin CC, Jin D, Rao HH, Jiang YW, Liu Y (2013) Modeling the total allowable area for coastal reclamation: a case study of Xiamen, China. Ocean Coast Manage 76:38–44. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.02.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu F, Abdelsalam M, Thakkar P (2006) Spectral analysis of ASTER data covering part of the neoproterozoic Allaqi-Heiani suture, Southern Egypt. J Afr Earth Sc 44(2):169–180. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.10.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rajasekar U, Weng QH (2009) Spatio-temporal modelling and analysis of urban heat islands by using landsat TM and ETM plus imagery. Int J Remote Sens 30(13):3531–3548. doi:10.1080/01431160802562289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richards JA (1984) Thematic mapping from multitemporal image data using the principal components transformation. Remote Sens Environ 16(1):35–46. doi:10.1016/0034-4257(84)90025-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ridd MK (1995) Exploring a V–I–S (vegetation-impervious surface-soil) model for urban ecosystem analysis through remote sensing: comparative anatomy for cities. Int J Remote Sens 16(12):2165–2185. doi:10.1080/01431169508954549

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rojas C, Pinob J, Jaque E (2013) Strategic environmental assessment in Latin America: a methodological proposal for urban planning in the Metropolitan Area of Concepción (Chile). Land Use Policy 30:519–527. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.04.018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki T (2003) Economic and geographic backgrounds of land reclamation in Japanese ports. Mar Pollut Bull 47(1–6):226–229. doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(02)00405-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (2010) Atlas of the Oceans, Human settlements on the Coast. Accessed June 13, 2013 at http://www.oceansatlas.org/servlet/CDSServlet?status=ND0xODc3JjY9ZW4mMzM9KiYzNz1rb3M~

  • Van Koningsveld M, Mulder JPM, Stive MJF, VanDervalk L, VanDerWeck AW (2008) Living with sea-level rise and climate change: a case study of the Netherlands. J Coastal Res 24(2):367–379. doi:10.2112/07a-0010.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Voogt JA, Oke TR (2003) Thermal remote sensing of urban climates. Remote Sens Environ 86(3):370–384. doi:10.1016/S0034-4257(03)00079-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang SJ, Li J, Wu DQ, Liu J, Zhang K, Wang RQ (2009) The strategic ecological impact assessment of urban development policies: a case study of Rizhao City, China. Stoch Env Res Risk Assess 23(8):1169–1180. doi:10.1007/s00477-008-0290-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang XX, Shang SY, Qu ZY, Liu TX, Melesse AM, Yang WH (2010) Simulated wetland conservation-restoration effects on water quantity and quality at watershed scale. J Environ Manage 91(7):1511–1525. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.02.023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weng Q (2001) A remote sensing-GIS evaluation of urban expansion and its impact on surface temperature in the Zhujiang Delta, China. Int J Remote Sens 22(10):1999–2014. doi:10.1080/713860788

    Google Scholar 

  • Weng Q (2012) Remote sensing of impervious surfaces in the urban areas: requirements, methods, and trends. Remote Sens Environ 117:34–49. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2011.02.030

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xia Z, Jia P, Lei Y, Chen Y (2007) Dynamics of coastal land use patterns of Inner Lingdingyang Bay in the Zhujiang River estuary. Chin Geogr Sci 17(3):222–228. doi:10.1007/s11769-007-0222-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu XG, Peng HF, Xu QZ, Xiao HY, Benoit G (2009) Land changes and conflicts coordination in coastal Urbanization: a case study of the Shandong Peninsula in China. Coastal Manage 37(1):54–69. doi:10.1080/08920750802612788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xue XZ, Hong HS, Charles AT (2004) Cumulative environmental impacts and integrated coastal management: the case of Xiamen, China. J Environ Manage 71(3):271–283. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.03.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang SL (2008) Predictive assessment of environmental impact of reclamation planning in the bays of Fujian Province. Science Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan F, Bauer ME (2007) Comparison of impervious surface area and normalized difference vegetation index as indicators of surface urban heat island effects in Landsat imagery. Remote Sens Environ 106(3):375–386. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2006.09.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang LP (2008) Retrospective assessment of environmental impact of reclamation planning in the bays of Fujian Province. Scinece Press, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao X, Huang J, Ye H, Wang K, Qiu Q (2010) Spatiotemporal changes of the urban heat island of a coastal city in the context of urbanisation. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol 17(4):311–316. doi:10.1080/13504509.2010.490333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou LM, Dickinson RE, Tian YH, Fang JY, Li QX, Kaufmann RK, Tucker CJ, Myneni RB (2004) Evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate in China. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(26):9540–9544. doi:10.1073/pnas.0400357101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers and Dr. Virginia Burkett for their valuable comments and detailed suggestions. Some ideas and comments of reviewers and Professor Luoping Zhang (Xiamen University, China) were reflected into the manuscripts. Financial support was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Grants 41271008.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Ministry of Education), College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

    Yangfan Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

    Yangfan Li, Yalou Shi & Xiaodong Zhu

  3. Department of Geography, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

    Huhua Cao

  4. School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

    Tao Yu

Authors
  1. Yangfan Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yalou Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiaodong Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Huhua Cao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tao Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yangfan Li or Tao Yu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, Y., Shi, Y., Zhu, X. et al. Coastal wetland loss and environmental change due to rapid urban expansion in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China. Reg Environ Change 14, 1175–1188 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0552-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0552-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation