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The viability of human cells irradiated with 470-nm light at various radiant energies in vitro

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Abstract

Blue light is known to be antimicrobial, but its effect on normal cutaneous and subcutaneous cells remains unclear. Therefore, we studied the effect of 470-nm light on the viability of adult and neonatal human dermal fibroblasts, Jurkat T-cells, and THP-1 monocytes in vitro. Each culture was irradiated with 0, 3, 55, or 110 J/cm2 of 470-nm light and subjected to trypan blue assay to ascertain viability. Further, MTT, neutral red, and fluorescence assays of fibroblasts were performed, and cell morphology visualized using bright field and fluorescence microscopy. At each dose and in each of the four cell lines, there was no significant difference in cell concentration between irradiated and non-irradiated cultures, even though irradiation with 55 J/cm2 or 110 J/cm2 slightly decreased cell count. Light microscopy showed progressive morphological changes in the fibroblasts as energy fluence increased from 55 to 110 J/cm2. Irradiation at 3 J/cm2 produced a slight but non-significant increase in the viability of Jurkat T-cells and THP-1 monocytes. In contrast, at 110 J/cm2 radiant exposure, irradiation slightly decreased the viability of all four cells. While 3 J/cm2 appears stimulatory, our finding that 110 J/cm2 produces a slight decrease in viability and engenders morphological changes in fibroblasts, suggesting that such high doses should be avoided in blue light treatments.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support was received from the SEED Grant, College of Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and grant UL1RR031973 from the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program of the National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. We thank Dynatronics Corporation, Salt Lake City, for providing the blue light irradiation device pro bono.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA

    Violet Vakunseh Bumah

  2. College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA

    Violet Vakunseh Bumah, Daniela Santos Masson-Meyers & Chukuka Samuel Enwemeka

  3. Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Daniela Santos Masson-Meyers

  4. Klingler College of Arts and Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Olanrewaju Awosika

  5. Homestead High School, Mequon, WI, USA

    Sean Zacharias

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  1. Violet Vakunseh Bumah
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Correspondence to Chukuka Samuel Enwemeka.

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Bumah, V.V., Masson-Meyers, D.S., Awosika, O. et al. The viability of human cells irradiated with 470-nm light at various radiant energies in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 36, 1661–1670 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-021-03250-z

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