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Effect of using diode laser on Enterococcus faecalis and its lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in chronic apical periodontitis

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of diode laser irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and its lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Ninety-six freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were divided into six groups, n = 8 per group. Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 as laser group (810 nm PILOT™ Diode Laser, 400 μm fiber diameter, continuous mode, 30 s time) with powers at 1.0 W, 1.5 W, 2.0 W, and 2.5 W respectively. Group 5 or positive control group (3 ml of 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation) and group 6 or negative control group (3 ml of normal saline (0.9% NaCl) irrigation). Root canal samples were collected before and after receiving laser irradiation and irrigation solution. Cultivable bacteria were determined by counting the colony (CFU/ml). Evaluation of temperature on the external root surface of teeth was done with K type thermocouple using laser at different powers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the LTA levels and the correlations between E. faecalis count, LTA levels, and rise in temperature were observed using Pearson’s correlation test. E. faecalis LTA was subjected to laser irradiation and its structural damage was examined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Compared with the control groups, all laser groups showed a decreased colony counts and decreased LTA levels with statistically significant difference (p ˂ 0.05). The bactericidal effect and LTA reduction of laser was better at 2.5 W power. Laser at 2.5 W power had temperature rise of more than 7 °C which is beyond the safe thermal threshold level. No statistically significant correlation was found between E. faecalis count, levels of LTA, and rise in external root surface temperature (p ˃ 0.05). TLC results showed a structural damage in the glycolipid moiety of E. faecalis LTA. Diode laser can effectively reduce the E. faecalis count and its LTA levels.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Funds of China (No. 11601502/XK0127).

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  1. Zhaohui Zou and Junu Bhandari contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endodontics, Tianjin Medical University Stomatology Hospital, Building Number 12, Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China

    Zhaohui Zou, Junu Bhandari, Baiyan Xiao, Xiaoyue Liang, Yu Zhang & Guohui Yan

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  1. Zhaohui Zou
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  2. Junu Bhandari
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  3. Baiyan Xiao
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  4. Xiaoyue Liang
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Correspondence to Zhaohui Zou.

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There authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Ethical considerations

The ethical committee of Tianjin Medical University, Stomatology Hospital, Tianjin approved this study (TMUhMEC2019035).

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Zhaohui Zou and Junu Bhandari are co-first authors.

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Zou, Z., Bhandari, J., Xiao, B. et al. Effect of using diode laser on Enterococcus faecalis and its lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in chronic apical periodontitis. Lasers Med Sci 36, 1059–1066 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03146-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03146-4

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