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Photobiomodulation can prevent apoptosis in cells from mouse periodontal ligament

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Abstract

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used to modulate the inflammatory and immune responses, pain relief, and to promote wound healing. PBM is widely used in dental practice and its cellular effects should be investigated. The aim was to evaluate if PBM changes proteins cell death–related, such as caspase-6 and Bcl-2, in periodontal ligament cells. Eighteen mice were divided in three groups (n = 6), i.e., (I) control, (II) 3 J cm−2, and (III) 30 J cm−2. Low power infrared laser (830 nm) parameters were power at 10 mW, energy densities at 3 and 30 J cm−2 in continuous emission mode, exposure time of 15 and 150 s, respectively for 4 days in a row. Twenty-four hours after last irradiation, the animals were euthanized, and their jaws were fixed and decalcified. Caspase-6 and Bcl-2 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical techniques, and DNA fragmentation was evaluated by TUNEL. Statistical differences were not significant to caspase-6 mRNA relative levels in tissues from jaws at both energy densities, but a significant increase of Bcl-2 mRNA relative levels was obtained at 30 J cm−2 group. Also, 30 J cm−2 group showed caspase-6 positive–labeled cells decreased and Bcl-2 positive–labeled cells significantly increased. TUNEL-labeled cells demonstrated DNA fragmentation decreased at 30 J cm−2. PBM can alter Bcl-2 mRNA relative level and both caspase-6 and Bcl-2 protein, modulating cell survival, as well as to reduce DNA fragmentation. More studies must be performed in order to obtain conclusive results about photobiostimulation effects using infrared low-level laser in apoptosis process as to achieve the optimum dosage.

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Funding

This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq/Process no. 474405/2013-3), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG/Process no. CDS APQ 02123/15), and Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil

    Luan Viana Faria, Ingrid Navarro Andrade, Lúcia Mara Januário dos Anjos & Flávia de Paoli

  2. Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - Campus Universitário, São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36036900, Brazil

    Marcos Vinícius Queiroz de Paula

  3. Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87, fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil

    Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

  4. Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil

    Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

  5. Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, Avenida Alberto Torres, 111, Teresópolis, Rio de Janeiro, 25964004, Brazil

    Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca

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  1. Luan Viana Faria
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  2. Ingrid Navarro Andrade
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  3. Lúcia Mara Januário dos Anjos
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  4. Marcos Vinícius Queiroz de Paula
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  5. Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca
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  6. Flávia de Paoli
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Correspondence to Luan Viana Faria.

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All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted. All experimental procedures were submitted and approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Juiz de Fora (protocol no. 039/2014).

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Faria, L.V., Andrade, I.N., dos Anjos, L.M.J. et al. Photobiomodulation can prevent apoptosis in cells from mouse periodontal ligament. Lasers Med Sci 35, 1841–1848 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03044-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03044-9

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