Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Retrospective study of the treatment of port-wine stains with 595-nm pulsed dye laser in 261 Chinese patients

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Lasers in Medical Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pulsed dye laser (PDL) at the wavelength of 595 nm is the common choice for the treatment of port-wine stains (PWSs). In this study, the efficacy of 595-nm PDL in treatment of PWSs in Chinese patients was investigated. A follow-up visit was performed on 261 Fitzpatrick skin type II–III Chinese patients with PWS who received more than two treatments with 595-nm PDL. Based on cosmetic improvement, treatment response was graded as follows: complete, if color blanching was > 90%; significant, if color blanching was 60–90%; moderate, if color blanching was 30–60%; and poor, if color blanching was < 30%. The efficacy of laser treatment on patients of different treatment numbers, ages, lesion locations, lesion colors, extents of hypertrophy, and laser pulse durations was evaluated. All patients improved following an average of almost 4 to 5 laser treatments. The earlier the intervention, the better the efficacy was. Lesions on cheek, neck, and forehead were better than that those on oral, eye periorbital, and nose areas. The purple group had a more excellent clearance, i.e., complete and significant clearance rate (53.6%), than the red group (36.1%). Treatment effect became worse as the extent of lesion hypertrophy increased. PWS lesions treated with short pulse durations of 0.45, 1.5, and 3 ms had better clearance (complete and significant clearance) rate of 56.5% than those treated with pulse durations of 6 ms or longer (34.8%). Pulsed dye laser with 595-nm laser equipped with dynamic cooling device is an effective option for the treatment of PWS in Chinese patients. Younger patients with lateral face position, larger vessel size (deeper color), and lesser hypertrophy received better clinical effect than the others. Treatment with short pulse duration of less than 3 ms for 4 to 5 times was recommended to treat PWS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jacobs AH, Walton RG (1976) The incidence of birthmarks in the neonate. Pediatrics 58:218–222

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Pratt AG (1953) Birthmarks in infants. Arch Dermatol 67:302–305

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Chang HS, Kim YG, June HL (2011) Treatment using a long pulsed Nd:Yag laser with a pulsed dye laser for four cases of blebbed port wine stains. Ann Dermatol 23(Suppl. 1):S75–S78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Anderson RR, Parrish JA (1983) Selective photothermolysis precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation. Science 220:524–527

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sivarajan V, Maclaren WM, Mackay IR (2006) The effect of varying pulse duration, wavelength, spot size, and fluence on the response of previously treated capillary vascular malformations to pulsed-dye laser treatment. Ann Plast Surg 57(1):25–32

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kelly KM, Choi B, McFarlane S et al (2005) Description and analysis of treatments for port-wine stain birthmarks. Arch Facial Plast Surg 7:287–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chiu CH, Chan HH, Ho WS, Yeung CK, Nelson JS (2003) Prospective study of pulsed dye laser in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling for treatment of port wine stains in Chinese patients. Dermatol Surg 29(9):909–915

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Shi WH, Wang JL, Lin Y, Geng JH, Wang HX, Gong YQ, Liu HX, Zhang FR (2014) Treatment of port wine stains with pulsed dye laser: a retrospective study of 848 cases in Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China. Drug Des Devel Ther 8:2531–2538

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Brightman LA, Geronemus RG, Reddy KK (2015) Laser treatment of port-wine stains. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 8:27–33

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Chen JK, Ghasri P, Aguilar G, van Drooge AM, Wolkerstorfer A, Kelly KM, Heger M (2012) An overview of clinical and experimental treatment modalities for port wine stains. J Am Acad Dermatol 67(2):289–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Nguyen CM, Yohn JJ, Huff C et al (2005) Facial port wine stains in childhood: prediction of the rate of improvement as a function of the age of the patient, size and location of the port wine stain and the number of treatments with the pulsed dye (585 nm) laser. Br J Dermatol 138:821–825

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Zhu JF, Yu WX, Wang TY, Chen YJ, Lyu DZ, Chang L, Ma G, Lin XX (2018) Less is more: similar efficacy in three sessions and seven sessions of pulsed dye laser treatment in infantile port-wine stain patients. Lasers Med Sci 33(8):1707–1715

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Reyes BA, Geronemus R (1990) Treatment of port-wine stains during childhood with the flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser. J Am Acad Dermatol 23:1142–1148

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Swerlick RA, Cooper PH (1983) Pyogenic granuloma (lobular capillary hemangioma) within port-wine stains. J Med Acad Dermatol 8:627–630

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Sommer S, Seukeran DC, Sheehan-Dare RA (2003) Efficacy of pulsed dye laser treatment of port wine stain malformations of the lower limb. Br J Dermatol 149:770–775

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Yu W, Ma G, Qiu Y et al (2016) Why do port-wine stains (PWS) on the lateral face respond better to pulsed dye laser (PDL) than those located on the central face? J Am Acad Dermatol 74:527–535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Renfro L, Geronemus RG (1993) Anatomical differences of port-wine stains in response to treatment with the pulsed dye laser. Arch Dermatol 129(2):182–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Savas JA, Ledon JA, Franca K, Chacon A, Nouri K (2013) Pulsed dye laser-resistant port-wine stains: mechanisms of resistance and implications for treatment. Br J Dermatol 168(5):941–953

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Fiskerstrand EJ, Svaasand LO, Kopstad G et al (1996) Photothermally induced vessel-wall necrosis after pulsed dye laser treatment: lack of response in port-wine stains with small sized or deeply located vessels. J Invest Dermatol 107:671–675

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fiskerstrand EJ, Svaasand LO, Kopstad G et al (1996) Laser treatment of port wine stains: therapeutic outcome in relation to morphological parameters. Br J Dermatol 134:1039–1043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. van Drooge AM, Beek JF, van der Veen JP, van der Horst CM, Wolkerstorfer A (2012) Hypertrophy in port wine stains: prevalence and patient characteristics in a large patient cohort. J Am Acad Dermatol 67(6):1214–1219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Dierickx CC, Casparian JM, Vengopalan V, Farinelli WA, Anderson RR (1995) Thermal relaxation of port-wine stain vessels probed in vivo: the need for 1–10 millisecond laser pulse treatment. J Invest Dermatol 105:709–714

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kimel S, Svaasand LO, Cao D et al (2002) Vascular response to laser photothermolysis as a function of pulse duration, vessel type, and diameter: implications for port wine stain laser therapy. Lasers Surg Med 30:160–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Tan OT, Murray S, Urban AK (1989) Action spectrum of vascular specific injury using pulsed radiation. J Invest Dermatol 92:868–871

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 51727811).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, Shaanxi, China

    Dong Li, Bin Chen, Hao Zhang & Yuan Yuan

  2. Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, Shaanxi, China

    Wenxin Fan & Zhaoxia Ying

Authors
  1. Dong Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bin Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hao Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yuan Yuan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Wenxin Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhaoxia Ying
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Bin Chen or Zhaoxia Ying.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board of the Xi’an Jiaotong University.

Informed consent

Every patient signed an informed consent before study participation.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, D., Chen, B., Zhang, H. et al. Retrospective study of the treatment of port-wine stains with 595-nm pulsed dye laser in 261 Chinese patients. Lasers Med Sci 35, 1811–1819 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03013-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03013-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation