Abstract
Neuropathic pain can be defined as the pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) stands out among the physical therapy resources used for analgesia. However, application parameters, especially the energy density, remain controversial in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the PBM effect, in different energy densities to control neuropathic pain in mice. Fifty (50) mice were induced to neuropathy by chronic constriction surgery of the sciatic nerve (CCI), treated with PBM (808 nm), and divided into five groups: GP (PBM simulation), GS (sham), GL10, GL20, GL40 (energy density of 10, 20, and 40 J/cm2, respectively). The evaluations were carried out using the hot plate test and Randall and Selitto test, before and after the CCI surgery, every 15 days during the 90 days experiment. β-Endorphin blood dosage was also tested. For both the hot plate and Randall and Selitto tests, the GL20 and GL40 groups presented reduction of the nociceptive threshold from the 30th day of treatment, the GL10 group only after day 75, and the GP group did not show any improvement throughout the experiment. The β-endorphin dosage was higher for all groups when compared to the GP group. However, only the GL20 group and GL40 presented a significant increase. This study demonstrates that PBM in higher energy density (20, 40 J/cm2) is more effective in the control of neuropathic pain.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Julius D, Basbaum AI (2001) Molecular mechanisms of nociception. Nature 413:203–210
Dworkin RH et al (2010) Recommendations for the pharmacological management of neuropathic pain: an overview and literature update. Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clin 85(3):3–14
Besson JM (1999) The neurobiology of pain. Lancet 353(9164):1610–1615
Urban MO, Gebhart GF (1999) Supraspinal contributions to hyperalgesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(14):7687–7692
Costigan M, Scholz J, Woolf JC (2009) Neuropathic pain: a maladaptive response of the nervous system to damage. Rev Neurosci 32:1–32
Dickenson A, Suzuki R (2005) Targets in pain and analgesia. In: Hunt SP, Koltzenburg M (eds) The neurobiology of pain. Oxford University Press, New York
Hunt SP, Bester H (2005) The ascending pain pathways. In: Hunt SP, Koltzenburg M (eds) The neurobiology of pain. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 115–137
Bennett GJ, Xie YK (1988) A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man. Pain 33(1):87–107
Seltzer Z, Dubner R, Shir Y (1990) A novel behavioral model of neuropathic pain disorders produced in rats by partial sciatic nerve injury. Pain 43(2):205–218
Gerard E, Spengler RN, Bonoiu AC, Mahajan SD, Davidson BA, Ding H et al (2015) Chronic constriction injury-induced nociception is relieved by nanomedicine-mediated decrease of rat hippocampal tumor necrosis factor. Pain 156(7):1320–1333
Mika J, Jurga AM, Starnowska J, Wasylewski M, Rojewska E, Makuch W et al (2015) Effects of chronic doxepin and amitriptyline administration in naive mice and in neuropathic pain mice model. Neuroscience 294:38–50
Kim KJ, Yoon YW, Chung JM (1997) Comparison of three rodent neuropathic pain models. Exp Brain Res 113(2):200–206
Reis FJ, Rocha NP (2006) Efeito analgésico de longa duração da dipirona sobre a hiperalgesia persistente induzida pela constrição do nervo ciático em ratos: participação do óxido nítrico. Rev Bras Cienc Farm São Paulo 42(2):513–522
Colleoni M, Sacerdote P (2010) Murine models of human neuropathic pain. Biochim Biophys Acta 1802(10):924–933
Serpell MG (2002) Gabapentin in neuropathic pain syndromes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pain 99(3):557–566
Meier T, Wasner G, Faust M, Kuntzer T, Ochsner F, Hueppe M et al (2003) Efficacy of lidocaine patch 5% in the treatment of focal peripheral neuropathic pain syndromes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pain 106(1-2):151–158
Schestatsky P, Llado-Carbo E, Casanova-Molla J, Alvarez-Blanco S, Valls-Sole J (2008) Small fibre function in patients with meralgia paresthetica. Pain 139(2):342–348
Chow RT, Johnson MI, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM (2009) Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet 374(9705):1897–1908
Lorenzini L, Giuliani A, Giardino L, Calza L (2010) Laser acupuncture for acute inflammatory, visceral and neuropathic pain relief: an experimental study in the laboratory rat. Res Vet Sci 88(1):159–165
Meireles A et al (2012) Avaliação do papel de opioides endógenos na analgesia do laser de baixa potência, 820 nm, em joelho de ratos Wistar. Rev Dor São Paulo 13(2):152–155
Laakso EL, Cabot PJ (2005) Nociceptive scores and endorphin-containing cells reduced by low-level laser therapy (PBM) in inflamed paws of Wistar rat. Photomed Laser Surg 23(1):32–35
Bjordal JM, Baxter GD (2006) Ineffective dose and lack of laser output testing in laser shoulder and neck studies. Photomed Laser Surg 24(4):533–534
Campana EA et al (1999) The relative effects of He Ne laser and meloxicam on experimentally induced inflammation. Laser Ther 11(1):36–41
Karu T (1999) Primary and secondary mechanisms of action of visible to near-IR radiation on cells. J Photochem Photobiol B 49(1):1–17
Jameie SB, Masoumipoor M, Janzadeh A, Nasirinezhad F, Kerdari M, Soleimani M (2014) Combined therapeutic effects of low power laser (980nm) and CoQ10 on neuropathic pain in adult male rat. Med J Islam Repub Iran 28:58
Masoumipoor M, Jameie SB, Janzadeh A, Nasirinezhad F, Soleimani M, Kerdary M (2014) Effects of 660- and 980-nm low-level laser therapy on neuropathic pain relief following chronic constriction injury in rat sciatic nerve. Lasers Med Sci 29(5):1593–1598
Kuraishi Y et al (1983) Separate involvement of the spinal noradrenergic and serotonergic systems in morphine analgesia: the differences in mechanical and thermal analgesic tests. Brain Res 273:245–252
Randall LO, Selitto JJ (1957) A method for measurement of analgesic activity on inflamed tissue. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 111(4):409–419
Griffis CA, Compton P, Doering L (2006) The effect of pain on leucocyte cellular adhesion molecules. Biol Res Nurs 7(4):297–312
Dray A (2008) Neuropathic pain: emerging treatments. Br J Anaesth 101(1):48–58
Martins DF et al (2013) Ankle joint mobilization affects postoperative pain through peripheral and central adenosine A1 receptors. Phys Ther 93(3):401–412
Ward U, Nilsson UG (2013) Acupuncture for postoperative pain in day surgery patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Clin Nurs Res 22(1):130–136
Mitchinson AR et al (2007) Acute postoperative pain management using massage as an adjuvant therapy: a randomized trial. Arch Surg 142(12):1158–1167
Cidral-Filho et al (2014) Light-emitting diode therapy induces analgesia in a mouse model of postoperative pain through activation of peripheral opioid receptors and the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. Lasers Med Sci 29:695–702
Hagiwara S, Iwasaka H, Okuda K, Noguchi T (2007) GaAlAs (830 nm) low-level laser enhances peripheral endogenous opioid analgesia in rats. Lasers Surg Med 39(10):797–802
Medalha CC, Di Gangi GC, Barbosa CB, Fernandes M, Aguiar O, Faloppa F et al (2012) Low-level laser therapy improves repair following complete resection of the sciatic nerve in rats. Lasers Med Sci 27(3):629–635
Yan W, Chow R, Armati PJ (2011) Inhibitory effects of visible 650-nm and infrared 808-nm laser irradiation on somatosensory and compound muscle action potentials in rat sciatic nerve: implications for laser-induced analgesia. J Peripher Nerv Syst 16(2):130–135
Chow RT, Armati P, Laakso E-L, Bjordal JM, Baxter GD (2011) Inhibitory effects of laser irradiation on peripheral mammalian nerves and relevance to analgesic effects: a systematic review. Photomed Laser Surg 29(6):365–381
Chow RT, David MA, Armati PJ (2007) 830 nm laser irradiation induces varicosity formation, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and blocks fast axonal flow in small and medium diameter rat dorsal root ganglion neurons: Implications for the analgesic effects of 830 nm laser. J Peripher Nerv Syst 12(1):28–39
Yamamoto H, Ozaki A, Iguchi N, Kinoshita S (1988) Antinociceptive effects of laser irradiation of Hoku point in rats. Pain Clin 8:43–48
Tiphlova OA, Karu TI (1987) Action of monochromatic low-intensity visible light on growth of E. coli. Microbiology 60:626–630
Low L, Reed A (2001) Eletroterapia Explicada: Princípios e Prática, 3ath edn. Manole Ltda, Barueri-SP
Bertolini GR, Artifon EL, Silva TS, Cunha DM, Vigo PR (2011) Low-level laser therapy, at 830 nm, for pain reduction in experimental model of rats with sciatica. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 69(2b):356–359
Cotler HB, Chow RT, Hamblin MR, Carroll J (2015) The use of low level laser therapy (LLLT) for musculoskeletal pain. MOJ Orthop Rheumatol 2(5):00068
de Andrade AL, Bossini PS, Parizotto NA (2016) Use of low level laser therapy to control neuropathic pain: a systematic review. J Photochem Photobiol B 164:36–42
Matera JM, Tatarunas AC, Oliveira SM (2003) Uso do laser arseneto de gálio (904nm) após excisão artroplástica da cabeça do fêmur em cães. Acta Cir Bras 18(2):102–106
Chavantes MR (2009) Laser em biomedicina princípios e prática: guia para iniciantes, pesquisadores e discentes na área de saúde e exatas. Atheneu, São Paulo
ME K, Kazemikho N, Aghili R, Forough B, Lajevardi M, Dabaghian FH, Goushegir A, Malek M (2011) Diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy: effect of low-intensity laser therapy. Lasers Med Sci 26(6):831–835
Acknowledgements
We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the financial support
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
de Andrade, A.L.M., Bossini, P.S., do Canto De Souza, A.L.M. et al. Effect of photobiomodulation therapy (808 nm) in the control of neuropathic pain in mice. Lasers Med Sci 32, 865–872 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2186-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2186-x