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Clinical and microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy associated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment. A 6-month follow-up

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Abstract

Experimental studies in animals and in vitro have shown the usefulness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and microbiological effects of PDT associated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Three sites in each of 33 patients with chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated in a split-mouth design to a treatment group: (1) scaling and root planing (SRP group); (2) SRP and irrigation with toluidine blue O (TBO group); and (3) SRP, irrigation with TBO and low-level laser irradiation (PDT group). Clinical parameters including visible plaque index, bleeding gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, gingival recession and clinical attachment level were measured at baseline, and after 60, 90 and 180 days. Additionally, subgingival plaque samples were collected for microbiological analysis by PCR. Intergroup and intragroup statistical analyses were performed. All treatment groups showed an improvement in all clinical parameters, and a significant reduction in the proportion of sites positive for periodontopathogens at 60, 90 and 180 days compared to baseline (p < 0.05). None of the periodontal parameters showed a significant difference among the groups (p > 0.05). At 180 days, PDT treatment led to a significant reduction in the percentage of sites positive for all bacteria compared to SRP alone (p < 0.05). Within the limits of this study it may be concluded that PDT as an adjunct to periodontal treatment produced statistically significant reductions in some of the key periodontal pathogens but produced no statistically significant benefit in terms of clinical outcome.

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Acknowledgments

Glaucia Helena G. Soares received a scholarship from São Paulo State Foundation for Research (FAPESP 2007/039001). The authors would like to thank Bruno Theodoro Luciano, graduate student at the Institute of International Relations, University of Brasilia, DF, Brazil, for the English translation and review. The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Educational Foundation of Barretos (UNIFEB), Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Leticia Helena Theodoro, Simoni Paro Silva, Juliana Rico Pires, Glaucia Helena Garcia Soares, Ana Emilia Farias Pontes, Elizangela Partata Zuza, Benedicto Egbert Correa de Toledo & Valdir Gouveia Garcia

  2. Department of Physiology and Pathology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil

    Denise Madalena P. Spolidório

  3. Group of Study and Research on Laser in Dentistry (GEPLO), Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic - Division of Periodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP) – UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

    Valdir Gouveia Garcia

  4. University Center of Educational Foundation of Barretos (UNIFEB), Avenida Prof. Roberto Frade Monte, 389, 14783-226, Barretos, SP, Brazil

    Leticia Helena Theodoro

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  1. Leticia Helena Theodoro
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  2. Simoni Paro Silva
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Correspondence to Leticia Helena Theodoro.

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Theodoro, L.H., Silva, S.P., Pires, J.R. et al. Clinical and microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy associated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment. A 6-month follow-up. Lasers Med Sci 27, 687–693 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0942-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-011-0942-x

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