Abstract
Landfills are associated with significant environmental problems that pose serious concerns to the environment due to the continuous emission of methane and other greenhouse gases. This study uses the ZODM, FODM, MTM, and six simulations in the LandGEM-V-3.03 model to estimate and predict the methane emissions from the Rajbandh landfill in Khulna city. The predicted average emissions from 2000 to 2036 demonstrate remarkably close emissions (2.14–2.97 Gg/year) from FODM, MTM, and three LandGEM-V-3.03 simulations (site-specific SP, CAAA, and IC). This study compares the output and underlying assumptions of each model and suggests the FODM and LandGEM SP simulations can be suitable for estimating methane emissions in the conditions of Khulna. In addition, this study also investigated the feasibility of electricity generation using emitted methane at the landfill site. It reveals that the Rajbandh landfill holds the economically viable potential to establish a 1 MW power plant without subsidy. The total environmental lifetime benefits from this electricity generation project are estimated to reduce 0.563 MMTCO2-eq emissions. The outcome of this study may apply to other Bangladeshi landfills and improve waste management planning and energy security.
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The SCIP Plastics project on which this publication is based is funded by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety, and Consumer Protection under Grant No. 67MM0004. Responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the author(s).
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This publication is funded by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety, and Consumer Protection (Germany) under Grant No. 67MM0004.
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Salahuddin Setu was involved in conceptualization, writing the full manuscript, fieldwork, data collection, and data analysis. K. M. Pangkaj took part in data collection, data analysis, and fieldwork. Islam M. Rafizul was responsible for conceptualization, supervision, and provided technical support. E. Kraft participated in conceptualization, supervision, and reviewing. S. Berner contributed to supervision, reviewing, and editing, and provided critical insights.
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Setu, S., Pangkaj, K.M., Rafizul, I.M. et al. Prediction of methane emissions and electrical energy generation potential from MSW landfill in Khulna city of Bangladesh: a model-based approach. Clean Techn Environ Policy 26, 1261–1279 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-023-02682-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-023-02682-1