Abstract
Distributed hybrid energy systems are innovative means of effectively addressing energy and environmental issues in the age of carbon neutrality. This paper proposes the distributed energy hierarchical network planning model for distributed energy systems at the community level, which combines distributed energy planning and renewable energy use. This model incorporates the energy flow between nodes and line length into the optimization objective and analyzes its capability to improve the stability and cost-effectiveness of the network. A community is selected as an example, and the model is compared with single-layer network planning and node distance planning. The stability of the distributed energy hierarchical network planning model is demonstrated by the network efficiency, the node degree distribution in the low-value region and the relatively small number of effective connection edges. The total line length of the model decreases by 22% compared to the single-layer plan and by 43% compared to the node distance plan. By optimizing the topological connection structure of the network, the total length of transmission lines in energy communities can be significantly reduced, which affects line construction costs and transmission losses, and therefore, saving money on the operation and maintenance of power lines as well as management costs.
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Acknowledgements
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72174015), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M690273), and the Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2022YFC3902605).
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Zhang, Z., Mu, X., Tu, C. et al. Hierarchical network planning of distributed renewable energy in a net-zero energy community. Clean Techn Environ Policy 25, 1643–1658 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-022-02461-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-022-02461-4