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A design of experiments (DOE) approach to data uncertainty in LCA: application to nanotechnology evaluation

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy volume 17, pages 1585–1595 (2015)Cite this article

Abstract

A limitation of any reported environmental performance is the considerable uncertainties present in the analysis. A methodology based on design of experiments techniques, coupled with life cycle assessment, was implemented to investigate the influence of inventory uncertainties on the predicted environmental impact. A case study on nanomanufacturing is presented. Results showed that mass data variability does not have a significant effect on the predicted environmental impacts. Material profiles for input materials did have a highly significant effect on the overall impact. Energy consumption and material characterization were identified as two areas where additional research is needed in order to obtain more accurate and precise predictions of the overall impact of nanomaterials. The methodology facilitates impact assessment of material selection for life cycle assessment, allows the establishment of a predictive model, and makes possible the identification of significant process variables as well as their interdependency.

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Notes

  1. An eco-indicator point is 1/1000th of the yearly environmental load of a European citizen (Goedkoop and Spriensma 2000).

Abbreviations

y :

Test response

x :

Independent variable

\(\hat{y}\) :

Predicted response

\(\sigma ^2_y\) :

Variance of the response

\(\sigma ^2_i\) :

Variance of the ith independent variable

\(\mu _y\) :

Mean test response

\(\mu _i\) :

Mean of the ith independent variable

Y :

Model response with uncertainty

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding provided by the Sustainable Futures IGERT Project sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant # DGE 033401), and the Richard and Elizabeth Henes Endowment. Special thanks to Dr. David Shonnard for his assistance with the LCA methodology.

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Author notes

  1. J. L. Rivera

    Present address: Research Centre for Environmental Studies and Sustainability (CREIDD), Institute Charles Delaunay, Troyes University of Technology, Troyes, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA

    J. L. Rivera

  2. Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    J. W. Sutherland

Authors
  1. J. L. Rivera
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Correspondence to J. L. Rivera.

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Rivera, J.L., Sutherland, J.W. A design of experiments (DOE) approach to data uncertainty in LCA: application to nanotechnology evaluation. Clean Techn Environ Policy 17, 1585–1595 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-014-0890-9

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Keywords

  • Emerging technologies
  • Life cycle assessment
  • Uncertainties
  • Data variability
  • Nanotechnology

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